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Assessing Biomarkers in Viral Infection

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Application of Omic Techniques to Identify New Biomarkers and Drug Targets for COVID-19

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((PMISB,volume 1412))

Abstract

Current biomarkers to assess the risk of complications of both acute and chronic viral infection are suboptimal. Prevalent viral infections like human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B and C virus, herpes viruses, and, more recently, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) may be associated with significant sequelae including the risk of cardiovascular disease, other end-organ diseases, and malignancies. This review considers some biomarkers which have been investigated in diagnosis and prognosis of key viral infections including inflammatory cytokines, markers of endothelial dysfunction and activation and coagulation, and the role that more conventional diagnostic markers, such as C-reactive protein and procalcitonin, can play in predicting these secondary complications, as markers of severity and to distinguish viral and bacterial infection. Although many of these are still only available in the research setting, these markers show promise for incorporation in diagnostic algorithms which may assist to predict adverse outcomes and to guide therapy.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town and National Health Laboratory Service, Cape Town, South Africa

    Elizabeth S. Mayne

  2. National Health Laboratory Service and Wits Diagnostic Innovation Hub, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa

    Jaya A. George

  3. Department of Molecular Medicine and Haematology, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand and National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa

    Susan Louw

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  1. Elizabeth S. Mayne
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  2. Jaya A. George
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  3. Susan Louw
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Correspondence to Elizabeth S. Mayne .

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  1. University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil

    Paul C. Guest

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Mayne, E.S., George, J.A., Louw, S. (2023). Assessing Biomarkers in Viral Infection. In: Guest , P.C. (eds) Application of Omic Techniques to Identify New Biomarkers and Drug Targets for COVID-19. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology(), vol 1412. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-28012-2_8

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