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The Palgrave Handbook of German Idealism and Poststructuralism

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Abstract

This chapter focuses on Jacques Derrida’s forty-year engagement with Kant. Giving Kant a significant place in the early formulation of deconstruction in the 1960s, Derrida spends much of the 1970s responding to and challenging Heidegger’s reading of Kant. From the 1980s onwards, Derrida turns to a remarkable analysis of the ethics and politics of Kant’s practical philosophy. The chapter concludes with an analysis of Derrida’s recently published seminar, Donner le temps II.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Benoît Peeters, Derrida: A Biography, trans. Andrew Brown (Cambridge: Polity, 2013), 109–10.

  2. 2.

    Jacques Derrida, Edmund Husserl’s Origin of Geometry: An Introduction, trans. John P. Leavey, Jr., 2nd ed. (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1989).

  3. 3.

    Ibid., 39–42, 124–25 n. 140, 140 n. 167. See Paul Ricoeur, “Kant and Husserl,” in Husserl: An Analysis of His Phenomenology, trans. Edward G. Ballard and Lester E. Embree, 2nd ed. (Evanston: Northwestern University Press, 2007), 175–201. See also Immanuel Kant, “Idea for a Universal History with a Cosmopolitan Aim,” in Anthropology, History, and Education, ed. Robert B. Louden and Günter Zöller, trans. Allen W. Wood (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007), 107–20 (AK 8: 15–31).

  4. 4.

    Edmund Husserl, Ideas Pertaining to a Pure Phenomenology and to a Phenomenological Philosophy: First Book—A General Introduction to a Pure Phenomenology, trans. F. Kersten (The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, 1983), 342.

  5. 5.

    Jacques Derrida, Voice and Phenomenon: Introduction to the Problem of the Sign in Husserl’s Phenomenology, trans. Leonard Lawlor (Evanston: Northwestern University Press, 2011), 8.

  6. 6.

    Ibid., 8.

  7. 7.

    Ibid., 8–9, 85–86.

  8. 8.

    Ibid., 87.

  9. 9.

    Jacques Derrida, Writing and Difference, trans. Alan Bass (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1978), 120–21.

  10. 10.

    Jacques Derrida, Margins of Philosophy, trans. Alan Bass (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1982), 1–27.

  11. 11.

    Jacques Derrida, “Parergon,” in The Truth in Painting, trans. Geoff Bennington and Ian McLeod (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1987), 16.

  12. 12.

    Jacques Derrida, Psyche: Inventions of the Other, Volume 2, ed. Peggy Kamuf and Elizabeth Rottenberg, trans. David Wood and Andrew Benjamin (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2008), 4.

  13. 13.

    Gilles Deleuze, Kant’s Critical Philosophy: The Doctrine of the Faculties, trans. Hugh Tomlinson and Barbara Habberjam (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1985); Michel Foucault, Introduction to Kant’s Anthropology, ed. Roberto Nigro, trans. Roberto Nigro and Kate Briggs (Los Angeles: Semiotext(e), 2007).

  14. 14.

    Jacques Derrida, Heidegger: The Question of Being and History, trans. Geoffrey Bennington (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2016).

  15. 15.

    Ibid., 180–81; Martin Heidegger, Kant and the Problem of Metaphysics, trans. Richard Taft, 5th ed. (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1997), 132–33. See also Jacques Derrida, Of Grammatology, trans. Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak, intro. Judith Butler (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2016), 407 n. 21

  16. 16.

    Derrida, Writing and Difference, 152; Heidegger: The Question of Being and History, 54.

  17. 17.

    Derrida, Writing and Difference, 7, 96, 215, 314 n. 26.

  18. 18.

    Derrida, Of Grammatology, 23, 37, 315.

  19. 19.

    Ibid., 316–17.

  20. 20.

    Ibid., 316.

  21. 21.

    Derrida, Margins of Philosophy, 35–38, 42.

  22. 22.

    Ibid., 43–44, 49.

  23. 23.

    Ibid., 44–45, 48.

  24. 24.

    Ibid., 44–45.

  25. 25.

    Ibid., 49–50.

  26. 26.

    Ibid., 48.

  27. 27.

    Ibid., 121–22 n. 15. See also Heidegger, Kant and the Problem of Metaphysics, 71, 77, 80.

  28. 28.

    Jacques Derrida, Clang [Glas], trans. David Wills and Geoffrey Bennington (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2021), 42a (see also 69a–70a, 236a–39a, 243a–44a).

  29. 29.

    Ibid., 143a–50a; Immanuel Kant, Anthropology from a Pragmatic Point of View, trans. and ed. Robert B. Louden (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006), 204–12 (II. B).

  30. 30.

    Derrida, “Parergon”; “Economimesis,” trans. Richard Klein, Diacritics 11.2 (1981): 2–25.

  31. 31.

    Jacques Derrida, Writing and Difference, 7, 79; Of Grammatology, 316, 407 n. 21; Dissemination, trans. Barbara Johnson (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1981), 126.

  32. 32.

    Immanuel Kant, Critique of Pure Reason, trans. and ed. Paul Guyer and Allen W. Wood (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997), A 140–41/B 179–80; Critique of the Power of Judgment, ed. Paul Guyer, trans. Paul Guyer and Eric Matthews (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000), 167–68 (AK 5: 286–87).

  33. 33.

    Derrida, Margins of Philosophy, 7–14, 17.

  34. 34.

    Derrida, Clang, 242a.

  35. 35.

    Derrida, “Parergon,” 34. See also, Jacques Derrida, Eyes of the University: Right to Philosophy 2, trans. Joseph Adamson, ed. Jan Plug (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2004), 68, 73.

  36. 36.

    Derrida, “Parergon,” 23, 29–31, 34.

  37. 37.

    Derrida, Clang, 242a.

  38. 38.

    Kant, Critique of the Power of Judgment, 8 (AK 20: 202).

  39. 39.

    Kant, Critique of the Power of Judgment, 56 (AK 5: 168); Derrida, “Parergon,” 38–39.

  40. 40.

    Derrida, “Parergon,” 39.

  41. 41.

    Ibid., 50.

  42. 42.

    Ibid.

  43. 43.

    Ibid., 41.

  44. 44.

    Ibid., 51; see Kant, Critique of the Power of Judgment, 66–67 (AK 5: 179).

  45. 45.

    Ibid., 51, 109.

  46. 46.

    Kant, Critique of Pure Reason, A xxiii.

  47. 47.

    Kant, Critique of the Power of Judgment, 110–11 (AK 5: 226).

  48. 48.

    Derrida, “Parergon,” 54.

  49. 49.

    Ibid., 64 (see also 63, 67, 97–98).

  50. 50.

    Ibid., 59 (see also 56–57, 71, 80).

  51. 51.

    Ibid., 64; see Kant, Critique of the Power of Judgment, 111 (AK 5: 226).

  52. 52.

    Ibid., 55, 59, 68–73, 76; see Kant, Critique of the Power of Judgment, 89 n. 1 (AK 5: 203).

  53. 53.

    Ibid., 73.

  54. 54.

    Ibid., 73–74.

  55. 55.

    Ibid., 84–88, 105; see Kant, Critique of the Power of Judgment, 120 n. 1 (AK 5: 236).

  56. 56.

    Ibid., 88–90, 90–91.

  57. 57.

    Ibid., 98–100.

  58. 58.

    Ibid., 90, 104–111; see Kant, Critique of the Power of Judgment, 114 (AK 5: 29–30).

  59. 59.

    Ibid., 115.

  60. 60.

    See Peeters, Derrida, 37; Pierre Bourdieu, Distinction: A Social Critique of the Judgement of Taste, trans. Richard Nice (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1984).

  61. 61.

    Jean-François Lyotard, Enthusiasm: The Kantian Critique of History, trans. Georges van den Abbeele (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2009); Lessons on the Analytic of the Sublime: Kant’s Critique of Judgement, §§ 23–29, trans. Elizabeth Rottenberg (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1994); Jean-Luc Nancy, The Discourse of the Syncope: Logodaedalus, trans. Saul Anton (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2008); L’Impératif catégorique (Paris: Flammarion, 1983); The Experience of Freedom, trans. Bridget McDonald, fore. Peter Fenves (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1993).

  62. 62.

    As the eventual publication of the seminars will show, including: Le Respect (1980–1981), La Raison universitaire (1982–1983), Du droit à la philosophie (1983–1984), Kant, le Juif, l’Allemand: Nationalité et nationalisme philosophiques (1987–1988).

  63. 63.

    Bourdieu, Distinction, 494 (see also 601 n. 37).

  64. 64.

    Ibid., 496. Derrida explicitly addresses a displaced politics and political economy in the third Critique in “Economimesis” (3, 9, 11).

  65. 65.

    Jacques Derrida, Who’s Afraid of Philosophy: Right to Philosophy 1, trans. and ed. Jan Plug (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2002), 11, 43 63–65.

  66. 66.

    Derrida, “Parergon,” 19–20.

  67. 67.

    Jacques Derrida, Eyes of the University 109–10.

  68. 68.

    Jacques Derrida, Theory and Practice, trans. David Wills, ed. Geoffrey Bennington and Peggy Kamuf (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2019).

  69. 69.

    Kant, Critique of Pure Reason, A 462/B 490-A 476/B 504. See also Sean Gaston, Derrida and Disinterest (London: Continuum, 2005), 1–18, 55–68.

  70. 70.

    Jacques Derrida, “Ja, or the faux-bond II,” in Points … Interviews, 1974–1994, ed. Elisabeth Weber, trans. Peggy Kamuf (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1995), 69. See also Clang, 242a; “Parergon” 38; Kant, Critique of Pure Reason, A 462–76/B 490–504.

  71. 71.

    Kant, Critique of Pure Reason, A 805–6/B 833–34; Derrida, Theory and Practice, 24–29, 32–36.

  72. 72.

    See Vrablikova’s chapter below.

  73. 73.

    Immanuel Kant, “The Conflict of the Faculties,” in Religion and Rational Theology, trans. and ed. Allen W. Wood, George Di Giovanni and Mary J. Gregor (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996), 281–82 (AK 7: 61–62).

  74. 74.

    Derrida, Eyes of the University, 85–86, 105; Kant, “The Conflict of the Faculties,” 250 (AK 7: 21).

  75. 75.

    Ibid., 90, 93.

  76. 76.

    Ibid., 90–91.

  77. 77.

    Ibid., 91 (see 48–49).

  78. 78.

    Ibid., 90.

  79. 79.

    Ibid., 92, 93–100.

  80. 80.

    Ibid., 93.

  81. 81.

    Ibid., 97–98.

  82. 82.

    Ibid., 98, 99–100, 104–5.

  83. 83.

    Ibid., 100.

  84. 84.

    Ibid.

  85. 85.

    Ibid., 98.

  86. 86.

    Ibid., 99, 106 (on “double bind,” see 101).

  87. 87.

    Ibid., 101.

  88. 88.

    Ibid., 102.

  89. 89.

    Ibid., 72 (see also 106–9, 55).

  90. 90.

    Ibid., 108.

  91. 91.

    Jacques Derrida, Psyche: Inventions of the Other, Volume 2, 244.

  92. 92.

    Ibid., 244.

  93. 93.

    Ibid., 274–75 (see also 251–52, 272–73, 295–97).

  94. 94.

    Ibid., 275.

  95. 95.

    Jacques Derrida, Eyes of the University, 178.

  96. 96.

    Ibid., 177.

  97. 97.

    See Immanuel Kant, “The Metaphysics of Morals,” in Practical Philosophy, ed. and trans. Mary J. Gregor (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996), 365 (AK 6: 205).

  98. 98.

    Derrida, Who’s Afraid of Philosophy?, 46–47.

  99. 99.

    Ibid., 2, 49–50, 52, 55–61.

  100. 100.

    Ibid., 50.

  101. 101.

    Jacques Derrida, Before the Law: The Complete Text of Préjugés, trans. Sandra Van Reenen and Jacques de Ville (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2018).

  102. 102.

    Ibid., 33–34, 43. Immanuel Kant, “Groundwork of The Metaphysics of Morals,” in Practical Philosophy, ed. and trans. Mary J. Gregor (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996), 55–58, 61, 63 (AK 4: 400–403, 406–9); “Critique of Practical Reason,” in Practical Philosophy, ed. and trans. Mary J. Gregor (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996), 199–211 (AK 5: 73–89).

  103. 103.

    Kant, “Groundwork of The Metaphysics of Morals,” 45–46, 53 (AK 4: 390–91, 398); “Critique of Practical Reason,” 205–6 (AK 5: 81–82).

  104. 104.

    Jacques Derrida, Aporias: Dying—Awaiting (One Another at) the “Limits of Truth,” trans. Thomas Dutoit (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1993), 16–17.

  105. 105.

    Jacques Derrida, The Gift of Death and Literature in Secret, trans. David Wills (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2008), 92–93 (see 64–73). See also, Jacques Derrida, “Passions: ‘An Oblique Offering’,” in Derrida: A Critical Reader, ed. and trans. David Wood (Oxford: Blackwell, 1992), 8–9 26–29 n. 4.

  106. 106.

    Derrida, The Gift of Death, 67.

  107. 107.

    Ibid., 69.

  108. 108.

    Derrida, “Passions,” 14.

  109. 109.

    Ibid., 14.

  110. 110.

    Derrida, Aporias, 84 n. 10.

  111. 111.

    Ibid., 84–85 n. 10. Immanuel Kant, “Toward Perpetual Peace,” in Practical Philosophy, ed. and trans. Mary J. Gregor (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996), 328–31 (AK 8: 357–60).

  112. 112.

    Jacques Derrida, Negotiations: Interventions and Interviews 1971–2001, ed. and trans. Elizabeth Rottenberg (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2002), 333, 341.

  113. 113.

    Ibid., 133–44.

  114. 114.

    Jacques Derrida, Adieu—to Emmanuel Levinas, trans. Pascale-Anne Brault and Michael Naas (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1999), 19–20, 49.

  115. 115.

    Ibid., 49.

  116. 116.

    Ibid., 68, 87; see Kant, “Toward Perpetual Peace,” 328–29 (AK 8: 357–58).

  117. 117.

    Ibid., 88–90.

  118. 118.

    Jacques Derrida and Anne Dufourmantelle, Of Hospitality: Anne Dufourmantelle Invites Jacques Derrida to Respond, trans. Rachel Bowlby (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2000), 27, 71, 141.

  119. 119.

    Jacques Derrida, Cosmopolitanism and Forgiveness, trans. Mark Dooley (London: Routledge, 200), 20–21.

  120. 120.

    Derrida, Eyes of the University, 44–45, 48, 50–53; Jacques Derrida, Given Time: I. Counterfeit Money, trans. Peggy Kamuf (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1992), 165 n. 31; Le parjure et le pardon, volume II: Séminaire (1998–1999), ed. Ginette Michaud, Nicholas Cotton and Rodrigo Therezo (Paris: Seuil, 2020), 221–29. See also Immanuel Kant, “Religion Within the Boundaries of Mere Reason,” in Religion and Rational Theology, trans. and ed. Allen W. Wood and George Di Giovanni (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996), 60, 83 (AK 6: 7–8, 37). See also Derrida’s earlier paper, “Of an Apocalyptic Tone Recently Adopted in Philosophy,” trans. John P. Leavey, Jr., The Oxford Literary Review 6.2 (1984): 3–39.

  121. 121.

    Jacques Derrida, Acts of Religion, ed. Gil Anidjar, trans. Samuel Weber (New York and London: Routledge, 2002), 48.

  122. 122.

    Ibid., 48–49, 52–53.

  123. 123.

    Kant, “Religion Within the Boundaries of Mere Reason,” 71 (AK 6: 21–22).

  124. 124.

    Derrida, Acts of Religion, 56, 77, 82–83, 89–91, 100.

  125. 125.

    Ibid., 50–51, 59, 88; Kant, “Religion Within the Boundaries of Mere Reason,” 96 (AK 6: 52–53). See also Jacques Derrida, The Death Penalty, Volume I, ed. Geoffrey Bennington, Marc Crepon and Thomas Dutoit, trans. Peggy Kamuf (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2014), 158–59, 195; On Touching—Jean-Luc Nancy, trans. Christine Irizarry (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2005), 37–42, 43–46.

  126. 126.

    Jacques Derrida, Without Alibi, ed., and trans. Peggy Kamuf (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2002), 43–45, 69–70, 210–13, 219–22; The Animal That Therefore I Am, ed. Marie-Louise Mallet, trans. David Wills (New York: Fordham University Press, 2008), 37, 90–104, 107–16; Rogues: Two Essays on Reason, trans. Pascale-Anne Brault and Michael Naas (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2005), 37, 80–86, 119–21, 132–35, 150, 153.

  127. 127.

    See Sean Gaston, The Concept of World from Kant to Derrida (London: Rowman and Littlefield, 2013), 159–61.

  128. 128.

    I.e., Perjury and Pardon (1997–1999), The Death Penalty (1999–2001) and The Beast and the Sovereign (2001–2003).

  129. 129.

    Jacques Derrida, The Beast and the Sovereign, Volume II, trans. Geoffrey Bennington, ed. Michel Lisse, Marie-Louise Mallet, and Ginette Michaud (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2011), 58–6, 170–71, 269–78.

  130. 130.

    Gaston, The Concept of World from Kant to Derrida, 1–28.

  131. 131.

    Derrida, Given Time I, 166 n. 31; Jacques Derrida, Le parjure et le pardon, volume I: Séminaire: (1997–1998), ed. Ginette Michaud and Nicholas Cotton (Paris: Seuil, 2019), 46–48, 253–54; Le parjure et le pardon II, 72.

  132. 132.

    Derrida, Le parjure et le pardon II, 221–29; Kant, “Religion Within the Boundaries of Mere Reason,” 112–13 (AK 6: 72). See also Kant, “The Metaphysics of Morals,” 472, 477–78 (AK 6: 331–37).

  133. 133.

    Derrida, Le parjure et le pardon II, 236–39.

  134. 134.

    Ibid., 239–40; see Kant, “The Metaphysics of Morals,” 474 (AK 6: 333).

  135. 135.

    Ibid., 238.

  136. 136.

    Kant, “The Metaphysics of Morals,” 472 (AK 6: 31).

  137. 137.

    Jacques Derrida, The Death Penalty, Volume II, ed. Geoffrey Bennington and Marc Crepon, trans. Elizabeth Rottenberg (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2017), 187–93, 200–4; see Kant, “The Metaphysics of Morals,” 464–65 (6: 320–22).

  138. 138.

    Derrida, The Death Penalty I, 8.

  139. 139.

    Ibid., 124 n. 3.

  140. 140.

    Ibid., 116.

  141. 141.

    Ibid., 125, 151; The Death Penalty II, 91–92, 102, 185–98; Kant, “The Metaphysics of Morals,” 476–77, 497–98 (AK 6: 335–37, 362–64).

  142. 142.

    Derrida, The Death Penalty I, 275; see Kant, “The Metaphysics of Morals,” 473 (AK 6: 331).

  143. 143.

    Derrida, The Death Penalty II, 39–42, 90, 93–96, 101–2; see Kant, “The Metaphysics of Morals,” 473–75 (AK 6: 332–34).

  144. 144.

    Ibid., 90–91, 245.

  145. 145.

    Ibid., 37–38; see Kant, “The Metaphysics of Morals,” 473 (AK 6: 332).

  146. 146.

    Ibid., 38.

  147. 147.

    Ibid., 39.

  148. 148.

    Ibid., 66.

  149. 149.

    Ibid., 67, 85–86, 91–92.

  150. 150.

    Ibid., 69, 86.

  151. 151.

    Ibid., 69 (see also 84–102, 196).

  152. 152.

    Ibid., 184 n. 29; Kant, “The Metaphysics of Morals,” 473 (AK 6: 332).

  153. 153.

    Derrida, Given Time I: Counterfeit Money.

  154. 154.

    Kant, Critique of Pure Reason, B 72. See also Kant, Anthropology, §28.

  155. 155.

    Jacques Derrida, Psyche: Inventions of the Other, Volume 2, ed. Peggy Kamuf and Elizabeth Rottenberg (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2008), 173.

  156. 156.

    Jacques Derrida, Psyche: Inventions of the Other, Volume 1, ed. Peggy Kamuf and Elizabeth Rottenberg, trans. Catherine Porter and Philip Lewis (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2007), 406–7. See also Derrida, Eyes of the University, 66–67 and On Touching, 46.

  157. 157.

    Derrida, Writing and Difference, 48.

  158. 158.

    Ibid., 48.

  159. 159.

    Derrida, The Death Penalty I, 281.

  160. 160.

    Derrida, Heidegger: History and the Question of Being, 180.

  161. 161.

    Derrida, Writing and Difference, 63; translation modified.

  162. 162.

    Derrida, Of Grammatology, 7, 12, 15, 32.

  163. 163.

    Ibid., 61.

  164. 164.

    Ibid., 74; Margins of Philosophy, 9, 15. See also Jacques Derrida and Catherine Malabou, Counterpath: Traveling with Jacques Derrida, trans. David Wills (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2004).

  165. 165.

    Martin Heidegger, “Time and Being,” in On Time and Being, trans. Joan Stambaugh (New York: Harper & Row, 1972), 1–24; Jacques Derrida, Donner le temps II, ed. Laura Odello, Peter Szendy and Rodrigo Therezo (Paris: Seuil, 2021), 211–28.

  166. 166.

    Derrida, Donner le temps II, 147.

  167. 167.

    Ibid.

  168. 168.

    Ibid., 147–48.

  169. 169.

    Ibid., 148; See Heidegger, Kant and the Problem of Metaphysics, 17.

  170. 170.

    Ibid.

  171. 171.

    Ibid.

  172. 172.

    Heidegger, Kant and the Problem of Metaphysics, 18.

  173. 173.

    Heidegger, Kant and the Problem of Metaphysics, 122.

  174. 174.

    Derrida, Donner le temps II, 150.

  175. 175.

    Ibid.

  176. 176.

    Ibid., 150–51.

  177. 177.

    Ibid., 151, 158.

  178. 178.

    Ibid., 149; see Heidegger, Kant and the Problem of Metaphysics, 141.

  179. 179.

    Ibid., 164; see Heidegger, Kant and the Problem of Metaphysics, 111.

  180. 180.

    Derrida, Writing and Difference, 44–45; Heidegger, Kant and the Problem of Metaphysics, 134.

  181. 181.

    Derrida, Donner le temps II, 172. On auto-affection, see also Voice and Phenomenon, 59, 67–73.

  182. 182.

    Ibid., 164–65; see Heidegger, Kant and the Problem of Metaphysics, 112, 117–18.

  183. 183.

    Ibid., 172, 227. See also Derrida, “Parergon,” 40, 100, 115; Of Grammatology, 101.

  184. 184.

    Ibid., 165; see Heidegger, Kant and the Problem of Metaphysics, 117–18.

  185. 185.

    Kant, Critique of Pure Reason, A 51/B76. See also Heidegger, Kant and the Problem of Metaphysics, 25.

  186. 186.

    Derrida, Donner le temps II, 161.

  187. 187.

    Ibid., 161.

  188. 188.

    Heidegger, Kant and the Problem of Metaphysics, 99.

  189. 189.

    Derrida, Donner le temps II, 161; Heidegger, Kant and the Problem of Metaphysics, 99.

  190. 190.

    Heidegger, Kant and the Problem of Metaphysics, 99 (see also 21).

  191. 191.

    Derrida, Donner le temps II, 161.

  192. 192.

    Heidegger, Kant and the Problem of Metaphysics, 100, 85–94.

  193. 193.

    Derrida, Donner le temps II, 162 (see also 124–25, 141–42).

  194. 194.

    Ibid., 88–89, 103–4.

  195. 195.

    Ibid., 36, 57–59, 75–76, 102–3, 118, 209, 211, 216–17, 228.

  196. 196.

    Derrida, Given Time, 19, 81, 127–28 n. 12. See also Theory and Practice, 195; Aporias, 77.

  197. 197.

    Jacques Derrida, Life Death, trans. Pascale-Anne Brault and Michael Naas, ed. Pascale-Anne Brault and Peggy Kamuf (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2020), 201.

  198. 198.

    Derrida, Donner le temps II: 48–49, 78–79, 85–86.

  199. 199.

    Derrida, “Parergon,” 110–13, 130–31, 140–43.

  200. 200.

    David Hume, A Treatise of Human Nature, ed. David Fate Norton and Mary J. Norton, intro. David Fate Norton (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001), 129, 133–34 (1.4.2.16, 29–30).

  201. 201.

    Kant, Critique of Pure Reason, A 616–20/B 644–48, A 670–73/B 698–701, A 677–88 / B 705–16; See Rogues, 119, 121, 126, 133–34, 168–69 n. 52.

  202. 202.

    See http://derridaseminars.org/seminars.html.

  203. 203.

    Kant, Critique of Pure Reason, A 19/B 33, A vii.

  204. 204.

    Ibid., B xvi.

  205. 205.

    Ibid., B xvi.

  206. 206.

    Moral philosophy does not “borrow the least thing” from anthropology, it only “gives” laws a priori. Kant, “Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals,” 45 (AK 4: 389).

  207. 207.

    Derrida, Donner le temps II, 159–60.

  208. 208.

    Ibid., 160.

  209. 209.

    Derrida, Before the Law, 34; see Kant, “Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals,” 73 (AK 4: 421).

  210. 210.

    Ibid., 43.

  211. 211.

    Derrida, The Death Penalty II, 37.

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    Sean Gaston

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Correspondence to Sean Gaston .

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  1. Centre for Theory and Criticism, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada

    Tilottama Rajan

  2. Department of Philosophy, Royal Holloway, University of London, London, UK

    Daniel Whistler

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Gaston, S. (2023). Reading Kant. In: Rajan, T., Whistler, D. (eds) The Palgrave Handbook of German Idealism and Poststructuralism. Palgrave Handbooks in German Idealism. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-27345-2_1

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