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Geology of Io

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Io: A New View of Jupiter’s Moon

Part of the book series: Astrophysics and Space Science Library ((ASSL,volume 468))

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Abstract

Io is the most volcanically active object in the Solar System beyond Earth. This tidally-heated moon manifests its activity via >400 volcanic vents (many of which have been active since spacecraft observations began in 1979), a surface covered in dark and bright lava flow fields and colorful, sulfur-bearing pyroclastic deposits. There are also isolated fault-block mountains up to 14 km high, and explosive plumes that jet gas and dust hundreds of kilometers above its surface. In this chapter we provide an overview of the variety of geologic features found on Io’s surface. We discuss the variations in Io’s five major geologic feature types (plains, lava flows, paterae (volcano-tectonic depressions), mountains, and diffuse (pyroclastic) deposits), and the variety of structural and geologic features found on its surface. We also review what is known about Io’s global and long-wavelength topography, based on limb and stereo-based imaging. We conclude the chapter with a discussion of the necessary spacecraft observations required to improve our understanding of Io’s geology, and how those observations have informed the design of recent Io-dedicated mission concepts. Finally, we provide a download link to the proto-Io Planetary Spatial Data Infrastructure (PSDI), the Io GIS Database version 1.0.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank Michael Bland for a helpful review. We also would like to recognize all of the engineers, scientists, and managers who worked on NASA’s Voyager, Hubble, Galileo, Cassini, and New Horizons missions, who enabled collection of the data sets that have allowed us and our colleagues to characterize the geology of Io.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA

    David A. Williams

  2. Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston, TX, USA

    Paul M. Schenk

  3. Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA

    Jani Radebaugh

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  1. David A. Williams
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  2. Paul M. Schenk
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  3. Jani Radebaugh
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Correspondence to David A. Williams .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA

    Rosaly M. C. Lopes

  2. California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA

    Katherine de Kleer

  3. Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA

    James Tuttle Keane

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Williams, D.A., Schenk, P.M., Radebaugh, J. (2023). Geology of Io. In: Lopes, R.M.C., de Kleer, K., Tuttle Keane, J. (eds) Io: A New View of Jupiter’s Moon . Astrophysics and Space Science Library, vol 468. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25670-7_5

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