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Grover on SPARKLE

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Information Security Applications (WISA 2022)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNCS,volume 13720))

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Abstract

Quantum computers that take advantage of quantum mechanics efficiently model and solve certain hard problems. In particular, quantum computers are considered a major threat to cryptography in the near future. In this current situation, analysis of quantum computer attacks on ciphers is a major way to evaluate the security of ciphers. Several studies of quantum circuits for block ciphers have been presented. However, quantum implementations for Authenticated Encryption with Associated Data (AEAD) are not actively studied.

In this paper, we present a quantum implementation for authenticated ciphers of SPARKLE, a finalist candidate of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Lightweight Cryptography (LWC) project. We apply various techniques for optimization by considering trade-off between qubits and gates/depth in quantum computers. Based on proposed quantum circuit, we estimate the cost of applying key search using Grover’s algorithm, which degrades the security of symmetric key ciphers. Afterward, we further explore the expected level of post-quantum security for SPARKLE on the basis of post-quantum security requirements of NIST.

This work was partly supported by Institute for Information & communications Technology Promotion (IITP) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIT) (No.2018-0-00264, Research on Blockchain Security Technology for IoT Services, 50%) and this work was partly supported by Institute for Information & communications Technology Planning & Evaluation (IITP) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIT) (<Q|Crypton>, No. 2019-0-00033, Study on Quantum Security Evaluation of Cryptography based on Computational Quantum Complexity, 50%).

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Notes

  1. 1.

    https://github.com/YangYu34/SPARKLE_SCHWAEMM.git.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. IT Department, Hansung University, Seoul, South Korea

    Yujin Yang, Kyungbae Jang, Hyunji Kim, Gyeongju Song & Hwajeong Seo

Authors
  1. Yujin Yang
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  2. Kyungbae Jang
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  3. Hyunji Kim
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  4. Gyeongju Song
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  5. Hwajeong Seo
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Hwajeong Seo .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Soonchunhyang University, Asan-Si, Korea (Republic of)

    Ilsun You

  2. Dankook University, Yongin, Korea (Republic of)

    Taek-Young Youn

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Yang, Y., Jang, K., Kim, H., Song, G., Seo, H. (2023). Grover on SPARKLE. In: You, I., Youn, TY. (eds) Information Security Applications. WISA 2022. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 13720. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25659-2_4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25659-2_4

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-031-25658-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-031-25659-2

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