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Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors

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Abstract

Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors are the latest medications to be approved and released for treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes. These include canagliflozin, dapagliflozin, and empagliflozin. Their mechanism of action is characterized by permissive glucosuria, which has significant effects on lowering HbA1c by up to 1%. These drugs are also beneficial for blood pressure control mainly due to its diuretic-like effects as well as weight loss secondary to caloric loss via glucosuria. Most impressive to these medications are the marked potential benefits observed in cardiovascular and renal outcomes noted with empagliflozin but yet to be assessed with canagliflozin and dapagliflozin. The use of these medications has introduced to the scientific and medical world the concept of ketones as a superfuel as well. Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors are promising drugs to the diabetic community, and the use of these has continued to increase.

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  1. The Scripps Whittier Diabetes Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA

    George Dailey III

  2. Multidisciplinary Diabetes Center, Mexico City, Mexico

    Joel Rodriguez-Saldana

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    Joel Rodriguez-Saldana

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Dailey, G., Rodriguez-Saldana, J. (2023). Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors. In: Rodriguez-Saldana, J. (eds) The Diabetes Textbook. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25519-9_36

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