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Involvement of Nitric Oxide in Insulin Secretion to Carbohydrate Metabolism

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Nitric Oxide: From Research to Therapeutics

Part of the book series: Advances in Biochemistry in Health and Disease ((ABHD,volume 22))

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Abstract

Since the discovery of nitric oxide (NO) as an important mediator of vasoregulation, the molecule has been found to be involved in several physiological and pathological processes in human. One area of recent interest is the potential role of NO in modulation of insulin secretion. Emerging data suggest that NO augments insulin release from pancreatic beta cells through increasing intracellular Ca2+ level or via S-nitrosylation of glucokinase, as well as vasodilation of islet vasculature. Besides, synthesis of NO is also a prerequisite for effective insulin sensitivity in targeted tissues. Thus, NO is involved in glucose uptake and disrupted NO pathways play a role in pathogenesis of insulin resistance in hypertension, obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. In this review, we summarize the updated paradigms on the involvement of NO in insulin secretion from islets of Langerhans and glucose uptake by various tissue system. Hence, a better understanding of nitric oxide synthase (NOS)–NO system in regulation of glucose homeostasis can hopefully facilitate the development of new treatments.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Molecular and Applied Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory, Centre of Advanced Study, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700019, India

    Somanjana Khatua & Krishnendu Acharya

  2. Department of Botany, Krishnagar Government College, Krishnagar, West Bengal, 741101, India

    Somanjana Khatua

  3. Sinha Institute of Medical Science and Technology, Kolkata, India

    Sarbashri Bank

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  1. Somanjana Khatua
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  2. Sarbashri Bank
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  3. Krishnendu Acharya
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Correspondence to Krishnendu Acharya .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmacology, Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Hamdard University, New Delhi, India

    Arunabha Ray

  2. Department of Pharmacology, Vallabhbhai Patel Chest Institute, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India

    Kavita Gulati

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Khatua, S., Bank, S., Acharya, K. (2023). Involvement of Nitric Oxide in Insulin Secretion to Carbohydrate Metabolism. In: Ray, A., Gulati, K. (eds) Nitric Oxide: From Research to Therapeutics. Advances in Biochemistry in Health and Disease, vol 22. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-24778-1_10

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