Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Utilization of Plant Oil-Based Fatliquor in the Processing of Leather

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
TMS 2023 152nd Annual Meeting & Exhibition Supplemental Proceedings (TMS 2023)

Part of the book series: The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series ((MMMS))

Included in the following conference series:

  • 1835 Accesses

Abstract

The chemical and mechanical steps in the leather-producing process—soaking, unhairing/liming, deliming/bating, pickling, tanning, neutralization/dyeing, fatliquoring, drying, and finishing—transform hides and skin into leather. The fatliquor, which is often injected into the collagen fibers to lubricate them without leaving an oily residue on the surface of the leather, is composed of many plants sulfonated oils. Plant sulfonated oil has been shown to improve the tensile strength, flexibility, and softness of leathers, as well as their lubricating capabilities. This investigation focused on the lubricating qualities of leather that had been treated with various fatliquored oils. The physicochemistry, difficulties, and potential uses of fatliquor in the manufacturing of leather were also emphasized.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 259.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 329.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 329.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Maliki M, Ifijen IH (2020) Extraction and characterization of rubber seed oil. Int’l J Sci Eng Sci 4(6):24–27

    Google Scholar 

  2. Ogbiede OK, Omorotionmwan EA, Igenumah OD, Ifijen HI, Akhigbe IU (2022) Comparative analysis on physicochemical properties and chemical composition of coconut and palm kernel oils 13(1):70–75

    Google Scholar 

  3. Ifijen IH, Maliki M, Omorogbe SO, Ibrahim SD (2022) Incorporation of metallic nanoparticles into alkyd resin: a review of their coating performance. In: The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society (eds) TMS 2022 151st annual meeting & exhibition supplemental proceedings. The Minerals, Metals & Mater. Series. Springer, Cham, pp 338–349

    Google Scholar 

  4. Ifijen IH, Maliki M, Odiachi IJ, Aghedo ON, Ohiocheoya EB (2022) Review on solvents-based alkyd resins and water borne alkyd resins: impacts of modification on their coating properties. Chem Afri 5:211–225

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Ifijen IH, Nyaknno UU, Onaiwu GE, Jonathan EM, Ikhuoria EU (2022) Coating properties of alkyd resin, epoxy resins and polyurethane based nanocomposites: a review. Momona Ethiop J Sci (Accepted)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Otabor GO, Ifijen IH, Mohammed FU, Aigbodion AI, Ikhuoria EU (2019) Alkyd resin from rubber seed oil/linseed oil blend: a comparative study of the blend properties. Heliyon 5(5)15:e01621

    Google Scholar 

  7. Ifijen IH, Odi HD, Maliki M, Omorogbe SO, Aigbodion AI, Ikhuoria EU (2020) correlative studies on the properties of rubber seed and soybean oil based-alkyd resins and their blends. J Coat Technol Res 18:459–467

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Nkwor AN, Ukoha PO, Ifijen HI (2021) Synthesis of sulfonated Sesamum indicum L. seed oil and its application as a fatliquor in leather processing. J. Leather Sci Eng 3(16):1–13

    Google Scholar 

  9. Nkwor AN, Ukoha PO, Ifijen HI, Ikhuoria EU (2020) The use of sulfonated jatropha curcas oil for the processing of mechanically improved leather. Chem Afri 3:911–925

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Ifijen HI, Nkwor AN (2020) Selected under-exploited plant oils in Nigeria: a correlative study of their physiochemical properties. Tanz JScience 46(3):817–827

    Google Scholar 

  11. Ifijen IH, Ikhuoria EU, Omorogbe SO, Agbonlahor OG (2018) Comparative studies on the use of palm kernel and coconut oil as biodiesel fuel sources. Int’l J Green Chem 4(1):19–24

    Google Scholar 

  12. Zhou Y, Zhao W, Lai Y, Zhang B, Zhang D (2020) Edible plant oil: global status, health issues, and perspectives. Front Plant Sci 11:1315

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Malik M, Ikhuoria EU, Ifijen IH (2020) Extraction and physiochemical characterization of oils obtained from selected under-utilized oil-bearing seeds in Nigeria. ChemSearch J 11(1):110–117

    Google Scholar 

  14. Wang C, Li T, Feng S(2012) Synthesis of fatliquor from palm oil and hydroxylterminated organosilicon. Asian J Chem 24:63–67

    Google Scholar 

  15. Quadery A, Uddin T, Azad A, Chowdhury M, Deb A, Hassan N (2015) Fatliquor preparation from Karanja seed oil (Pongamia pinnata L.) and its application for leather processing. IOSR J Appl Chem 8(1):54–58

    Google Scholar 

  16. Affiang S, Ggamde G, Okolo V, Olabode V, Jekkada J (2018) Synthesis of sulphated fatliquor from neem (Azadirachta indica) seed oil for leather tannag. Am J Eng Res 7(4):215–221

    Google Scholar 

  17. Zarłok J, Smiechowski K, Mucha K, Tęcza A (2014) Research on application of flax and soya oil for leather fatliquoring. J Clean Prod 65:583–589

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Bajza Z, Vrček VI (2001) Fatliquoring agent and drying temperature effects on leather properties. J Mater Sci 36:5265–5270

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Huang X, Kong X, Cui Y, Ye X, Wang X, Shi B (2018) Durable superhydrophobic materials enabled by abrasion-triggered roughness regeneration. Chem Eng J 336:633–639

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Luo Z, Xia C, Fan H, Chen X, Peng B (2011) The biodegradabilities of different oil-based fatliquors. J Am Oil Chem Soc 88:1029–1036

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Gao D, Wang P, Shi J, Li F, Li W, Lyu B, Ma J (2019) A green chemistry approach to leather tanning process: cage-like octa(aminosilsesquioxane) combined with Tetrakis (hydroxymethyl)phosphonium sulfate. J Cleaner Prod 229:1102–1111

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Valeika V, Širvaitytė J, Beleška K (2010) Estimation of chrome-free tanning method suitability in conformity with physical and chemical properties of leather. Mater Sci 16(4):330

    Google Scholar 

  23. Sivakumar V, Prakash RP, Rao PG, Ramabrahmam BV, Swaminathan G (2008) Power ultrasound in fatliquor preparation based on vegetable oil for leather application 16(4):549–553

    Google Scholar 

  24. BajzaI ZZ, Vrček IV (2001) Fatliquoring agent and drying temperature effects on leather properties. J Mater Sci 36(21):5265–5270

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Gutterres M, Dos Santos ML (2009) Study of fatliquoring parameters using experimental design. J Soc Leather Technol Chem 93:171–175

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Nkwor AN, Ukoha PO (2020) Evaluation of the leather fatliquoring potential of sulphonated Afzelia africana aril cap oil. Heliyon 6:e03009

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Yorgancioglu A, Bayramoglu EE, Renner M (2019) Preparation of antibacterial fatliquoring agents containing zinc oxide nanoparticles for leather industry. J Am Leather Chem Assoc 114:171–179

    Google Scholar 

  28. Koizhaiganova M, Yasa I, Gulumser G (2015) Assessment of antibacterial activity of lining leather treated with silver doped hydroxyapatite. Int Biodeter Biodegr 105:262–267

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Sirvaityte J, Siugzdaite J, Valeikac V, Dambrauskienė E (2012) Application of essential oils of thyme as a natural preservative in leather tanning. Proc Estonian Acad Sci 61:220–227

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Lkhagvajav N, Koizhaiganova M, Yasa I, Çelik E, Sari Ö (2015) Characterization and antimicrobial performance of nano silver coatings on leather materials. Braz J Microbiol 46:41–48

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Yorgancioglu A, Bayramoglu EE (2013) Production of cosmetic purpose collagen containing antimicrobial emulsion with certain essential oils. Ind Crop Prod 44:378–382

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Yorgancioglu A (2021) Emulsification and application of a thymol loaded antibacterial fatliquor for leather industry. J Industr Textile 51(3):470–485

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Nyamunda BC, Moyo M, Chigondo F (2013) Synthesis of fatliquor from waste bovine fat for use in small scale leather industry. Indian J Chem Technol 20:116–120

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Nkwor AN, Ukoha PO, Wise WR, Nwaji NN, Flowers K (2019) Fatty Acid Profile and Production of Fatliquor from Canarium schweinfurthii Mesocarp Oil. Pertanika J Sci Technol 27(4):2221–2243

    Google Scholar 

  35. Contamine F, Faid F, Wilhelm AM, Berlan J, Delmas H (1994) Chem Eng Sci 49(24B):5865–5873

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Ando T, Kimura T (1990) Reactivity and selectivity in organic sonochemical reactions involving inorganic solids. Ultrasonics 28:326–332

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Sivakumar V, Prakash RP, Rao PG, Ramabrahmam BV, Swaminathan G (2008) Power ultrasound in fatliquor preparation based on vegetable oil for leather application. J Cleaner Prod 16:549–553

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. Zhang Y, Wang L (2009) Recent research progress on leather fatliquoring agents. Polym Plast Technol Eng 48:285–291

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Devikavathi G, Ramamoorthy U, Sundar V, Muralidharan C (2010) Influence of fatliquor on ageing characteristics of leather. Revista de Pielarie Incaltaminte 10:31–42

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Tournier R (2015) Diagnosis, prevention and treatment of fatty spew in the tannery. J Am Leather Chem Assoc 110:260–276

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Adzet J (2010) Transformation of lime split trimmings into different collagen materials. J Am Leather Chem Assoc 105:254–271

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Kamely N (2022) Fatliquors for leathers: an application of microemulsion-a review. Polym Bull 79:1977–2002

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Kalyanaraman C, Kanchinadham SBK, Devi LV, Porselvam S, Rao JR (2012) Combined advanced oxidation processes and aerobic biological treatment for synthetic fatliquor used in tanneries. Ind Eng Chem Res 51:16171–16181

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Kalyanaraman C, Kameswari KSB, Varma VS, Tagra S, Rao JR (2013) Studies on biodegradation of vegetable-based fatliquor-containing wastewater from tanneries. Clean Technol Environ Policy 15:633–642

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Research Operations, Rubber Research Institute of Nigeria (RRIN), Km. 19, Benin-Sapele Road, Iyanomo, Edo State, Nigeria

    I. H. Ifijen, I. O. Bakare, E. O. Obazee, O. C. Ize-Iyamu, N. U. Udokpoh, A. O. Ohifuemen, F. U. Mohammed, E. A. Fagbemi & P. O. Ayeke

Authors
  1. I. H. Ifijen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. I. O. Bakare
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. E. O. Obazee
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. O. C. Ize-Iyamu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. N. U. Udokpoh
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. A. O. Ohifuemen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. F. U. Mohammed
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. E. A. Fagbemi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  9. P. O. Ayeke
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to I. H. Ifijen .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

    Rights and permissions

    Reprints and permissions

    Copyright information

    © 2023 The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society

    About this paper

    Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

    Cite this paper

    Ifijen, I.H. et al. (2023). Utilization of Plant Oil-Based Fatliquor in the Processing of Leather. In: TMS 2023 152nd Annual Meeting & Exhibition Supplemental Proceedings. TMS 2023. The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-22524-6_38

    Download citation

    Publish with us

    Policies and ethics

    Search

    Navigation