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Circadian Rhythmicity in Aging and Parkinson’s Disease

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Sleep and Clocks in Aging and Longevity

Part of the book series: Healthy Ageing and Longevity ((HAL,volume 18))

Abstract

Advancing age is allied to neuromorphological and neurochemical changes in several brain regions, which manifests as generalized reduction in the performance of aged individuals. Besides, some regions like the basal ganglia (BG), cortex, hippocampus, etc., are predisposed to degeneration, due to exaggerated functional deterioration with age. The gradual increase in elderly populace worldwide fosters the need to scrutinize age-associated protective factors. It is further prudent to examine links between normal aging and neurodegenerative alterations in specific brain regions, for example, substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) and Parkinson’s disease (PD). Dysfunction of biological clocks precede neurodegenerative disease states. Reduction in telomere length in aged individuals who experience delayed sleep phase syndrome signals deterioration of cellular health. In PD, the rapid eye movement behavioral disorder precedes the onset of motor symptoms by years, often by decades. Yoga, exercise, and social enrichment show positive dispositions during aging and in PD. It is, therefore, imperative to study the mechanisms employed by these lifestyle strategies. More importantly, the mechanisms and consequences need to be studied during middle age, which is a stage of complex neurobiological changes in the BG. The present chapter reviews early and contemporary studies on normal age effects in BG as well as the most common disorder of this region, PD.

H. J. Jyothi and Bidisha Bhaduri—Contributed equally.

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Acknowledgments

We gratefully acknowledge ICMR SRFship to JHJ and NIMHANS SRFship to BB. We are also thankful to CSIR (27/332/18-EMR-II) and DBT (BT/PR12518/MED/30/1462/2014) for funding, to PAA.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neurotoxicology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, 560029, India

    H. J. Jyothi, Bidisha Bhaduri, Maithily Hingmire, Priyansha Verma & Phalguni Anand Alladi

  2. Department of Neuropathology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, 560029, India

    T. C. Yasha

  3. Department of Biological Sciences, IISER Campus, Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, P.O. Manauli, Mohali, 140306, India

    Maithily Hingmire & Priyansha Verma

Authors
  1. H. J. Jyothi
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  2. Bidisha Bhaduri
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  3. Maithily Hingmire
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  4. Priyansha Verma
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  5. T. C. Yasha
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  6. Phalguni Anand Alladi
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Correspondence to Phalguni Anand Alladi .

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  1. Neurobiology and Molecular Chronobiology Laboratory, Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Science, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, India

    Anita Jagota

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Jyothi, H.J., Bhaduri, B., Hingmire, M., Verma, P., Yasha, T.C., Alladi, P.A. (2023). Circadian Rhythmicity in Aging and Parkinson’s Disease. In: Jagota, A. (eds) Sleep and Clocks in Aging and Longevity. Healthy Ageing and Longevity, vol 18. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-22468-3_12

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