Abstract
To better understand the heavy mineral assemblage, fraction-wise distribution, and concentration, 40 surface sediment samples were analyzed from Bavanapadu to Kalingapatnam, Andhra Pradesh. Ilmenite, sillimanite, garnet, rutile, kyanite, zircon, monazite, and other heavy minerals make up the heavy mineral assemblage in coastal sediments from Bavanapadu to Kalingapatnam. Total heavy minerals (THM) range from 13.10 to 27.98 wt% (avg. 20.54 wt%) in all sediment samples, and their assemblage is not uniform in berm (27.98 wt%), dune (23.26 wt%), backshore (19.21 wt%), and foreshore (19.21 wt%) (13.10 wt%). The total heavy mineral (THM) weight percentage is lower in coarse fractions than in fine fractions. The mineral assemblages of transparent heavy minerals (ilmenite, sillimanite, garnet, rutile, zircon, leucoxene, kyanite, and monazite) found in the Eastern Ghats Mobile Belt (EGMB) rocks are suggestive of their derivation from a heterogeneous provenance containing high-grade metamorphic rocks such as charnockite and khondalite, which characterize the Precambrian age. The heavy mineral assemblage in various sand units (i.e., foreshore, berm, backshore, and dune) indicates that the sediments are derived from the Eastern Ghat suite of rocks’ khondalite and charnockite groups.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Acharya BC, Nayak BK, Kumar Das S (2009) Heavy mineral placer sand deposits of Kontiagarh area, Ganjam district, Orissa, India. Resour Geol 59(4):388–399
Angusamy N, Rajamanickam GV (2000) Distribution of heavy minerals along the beach from Mandapam to Kanyakumari, Tamilnadu. J Geol Soc India 56:199–211
Anil C, Chandrasekar N, Rajamanickam GV, Gujar AR (2011) An evaluation of major placer minerals along the Valinokkam-Tuticorin coast, Southern Tamil Nadu, India. Int J Earth Sci Eng 4(6):1031–1035
Bangaku Naidu K, Reddy KSN, Ravi Sekhar C, Ganapati Rao P, Murali Krishna KN (2017) Heavy mineral studies of recent coastal sands between Gosthani and Champavathi river confluences, East Coast of India, Andhra Pradesh. J Indian Geol Cong 9(2):45–56
Borreswara Rao C, La Fond EC (1958) Study of the deposition of heavy mineral sands at the confluences of some rivers along the east coast of India. Andhra Uni Mem Oceanogr 2:48–60
Chandrasekhar N, Anil C, Paul DK, Rajamanickam GV, Loveson VJ (2005) Geospatial application in the study of beach placers along the coast of Gulf of Mannar, India. Geocarto Int 20(2):69–74
Cheepurupalli NR, Anu Radha B, Reddy KSN, Dhanamjaya Rao EN, Dayal AM (2012) Heavy mineral distribution studies in different microenvironments of Bhimunipatnam coast, Andhra Pradesh, India. Int J Sci Res Publ 2:1–10
Deva Varma D, Rao AT, Rao KSR (1989) Heavy mineral characteristics of Vamsadhara River along the east coast of India. Indian J Earth Sci 16(34):166–172
Dhana Raju R (2006) Delta region of the east coast of India: a potential target for exploration of heavy minerals. J Geol Soc India 67:669–674
Dhanunjaya Rao D, Krishnaiah Setty B, Rami Naidu CH (1989) Heavy mineral content and textural characteristics of coastal sands in the Krishna – Godavari, Gosthani – Champavathi, and Penna river deltas of Andhra Pradesh, India: a comparative study. Explor Res At Miner 2:147–155
Ganapathi Rao P et al (2020) Geochemical studies of monazites from coastal sands of Kandivalasa–Dibbalapalem coast, Andhra Pradesh. J Earth Syst Sci 129:143
Joevivek V, Chandrasekar N (2014) Seasonal impact on beach morphology and the status of heavy mineral deposition central Tamil Nadu coast, India. J Earth Syst Sci 123(1):135–149
Mahadevan C, Rao Nageswara B (1950) Black sand concentrates of the Vizagapatam Coast. Curr Sci 19:48–49
Mahadevan C, Sathapathi N (1948) Home of monazite. Curt Sci 17:297
Mahadevan C, Sriramadas AS (1948) Monazites in the beach sands of Vizagapatam District. Proc Indian Acad Sci 27A:275–227
Mahadevan C, Sriramadas A (1954) Effective of high waves in the formation of coastal black sand deposits. Andhra Univ Mem Oceanogr 1:51–56
Mahadevan C, Narayan Das GR, Nagaraja Rao N (1958) Prospecting and evaluation of beach placers along the coastal belt of India. In: Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on the peaceful uses of atomic energy, vol 2, Geneva, pp 103–106
Mohammad A et al (2020) Textural characteristics, heavy mineral distribution and grain-microtextures of recent sediment in the coastal area between the Sarada and Gosthani rivers, east coast of India. Int J Sediment Res 35(5):484–503
Mohan PM, Rajamanickam GV (2000) Buried placer mineral deposits along the East coast between Chennai and Pondicherry. J Geol Soc India 56:1–13
Mohapatra S, Behera P, Das SK (2015) Heavy mineral potentiality and alteration studies for ilmenite in Astaranga beach sands, district Puri, Odisha, India. J Geosci Environ Prot 3:31e37
Murali Krishna KN et al (2016) Heavy mineral studies on late quaternary red sediments of Bhimunipatnam, Andhra Pradesh, East Coast of India. J Geol Soc India 88:637–647
Rajasekhara Reddy D, Malathi V, Reddy KSN, Varma DD (1998) Heavy minerals in different environments of beaches between Pudimadaka and Pentakota, East coast of India. J India Acad Geol Sci 41(2):47–54
Rajasekhara Reddy D, Siva Sankar Prasad V, Malathi V, Reddy KSN, Varma DD (2001) Economic potential of the heavy minerals of the beaches between Baruva and Bhavanapadu, Andhra Pradesh. J Geol Soc India 57:443–449
Ramamohana Rao T, Shanmukha Rao C, Sanyasi Rao K (1982) Textural analysis and mineralogy of the black sand deposits of Visakhapatnam – Bhimunipatnam coast, Andhra Pradesh, India. J Geol Soc India 23:284–289
Ramasamy P, Karikalan R (2010) Distribution and percentage of heavy minerals in coastal geomorphological landforms in Palk Strait, southeast coast of India. Middle-East J Sci Res 5(1):49–53
Rao AT, Rao PN, Deva Varma D, Purnachandra Rao K (1993) Coastal sediments along Visakhapatnam-Bhimunipatnam region, Andhra Pradesh, India. J Indian Assoc Sediment 12:1–9
Rao RG, Sahoo P, Panda NK (2001) Heavy mineral sand deposit of Orissa. Explor Res At Miner 13:23–52
Ravi GS, Gajapathi Rao R, Yugandhara Rao A (2001) Coastal heavy mineral sand deposits of Andhra Pradesh. Special issue on beach and inland heavy mineral sand deposits of India. Explor Res At Miner 13:53–85
Reddy KSN, Lakshmi Prasad T, Babu Rao N (2007) Relationship of heavy mineral redistribution in different micro environments to seasonal changes of beach processes in an embayed beach of Yarada to Gangavaram, North Coastal Andhra Pradesh. J Geol Soc India 70:963e974
Reddy KSN, Deva Varma D, Dhanamjayarao EN, Lakshmi Prasad T (2012) Distribution of heavy minerals in Nizampatnam- Lankavanidibba coastal sands, Andhra Pradesh, east coast of India. J Geol Soc India 79:411e418
Sahayam D (2010) Distribution of arsenic and mercury in subtropical coastal beachrock, Gulf of Mannar, India. J Earth Syst Sci 119:129–135
Sastry AVR, Swamy ASR, Rao P (1981) Distribution of sands along Visakhapatnam-Bhimunipatnam beach. Indian J Mar Sci 1:369–370
Sastry AVR, Swamy ASR, Vasudev K (1987) Heavy minerals of beach sands along Visakhapatnam-Bhimunipatnam, east coast of India. Indian J Mar Sci 16:39–42
Sreenivasa Rao P, Satyanarayana G, Swamy ASR (1995) Heavy minerals of modern and relict sediments of the Nizampatnam bay, East Coast of India. Indian J Mar Sci 24:166–170
Sriramadas A (1951) The black sand concentrates of the Vizagapatam Beach. Q J Geol Min Metal Soc India 23:169–180
Suresh Gandhi M, Raja M (2014) Heavy mineral distribution and geochemical studies of coastal sediments between Basant Nagar and Marakkanam, Tamil Nadu, India. J Radiat Res Appl Sci 7:256–268
Vinoth Kumar KC, Asaithambi T (2013) Seasonal variation of mineral assemblage along the west coast of Kanya Kumari district. Indian J Adv Chem Sci 2(1):71–77
Acknowledgments
The authors are grateful to the Head of the Department of Geology, Andhra University, for providing the required facilities and for their consistent encouragement in carrying out our research. Mr. A Lakshmi Venkatesh would like to express his gratitude to the Department of Science and Technology (DST), Government of India, New Delhi, for funding this research project through the INSPIRE Fellowship program in the form of an SRF, and the authors would also like to express their gratitude to Dr. G. Seenuvasulu, Editor, Springer Nature, for his valuable suggestions and assistance in publishing this work.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2023 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Lakshmi Venkatesh, A., Reddy, K.S.N., Bangaku Naidu, K., Aruna, C., Ankita Varma, N., Sandeep Kumar, K. (2023). Heavy Minerals Studies of Coastal Sands from Bavanapadu to Kalingapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, East Coast of India. In: Jayaraju, N., Sreenivasulu, G., Madakka, M., Manjulatha, M. (eds) Coasts, Estuaries and Lakes. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-21644-2_11
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-21644-2_11
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-031-21643-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-031-21644-2
eBook Packages: Earth and Environmental ScienceEarth and Environmental Science (R0)