Skip to main content

CAR: Community Aware Graph Reordering for Efficient Cache Utilization in Graph Analytics

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
VLSI Design and Test (VDAT 2022)

Abstract

Graph workloads exhibit highly irregular memory access patterns, resulting in poor cache utilization. By modifying the layout of the stored graph prior to processing, cache utilization can be enhanced. Two factors need to be considered for modifying the layout of the graph. First, the nature of computation in vertex-centric algorithms suggests that vertex neighbours are visited in succession throughout processing. Second, the degree distribution of vertices in real-world networks exhibits power-law distribution, implying that a few vertices are responsible for the majority of the connections. As a result, such nodes can be clustered together to improve temporal and spatial locality. In this paper, we propose Community Aware Graph Reordering (CAR), which leverages both these aspects to enhance the performance of graph applications when compared to existing reordering strategies. While previous state-of-the-art reordering techniques with comparable reordering overheads, such as Hub Cluster, DBG, and Sorder, deliver speedup of 9%, 11%, and 17%, respectively, CAR provides a speedup of 20%.

S. Singhania and N. Sharma—Both authors have contributed equally

C. K. Jha—The work was carried out when Chandan Kumar Jha was at CADSL, IIT Bombay.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Cuzzocrea, A., et al.: Big graph analytics: the state of the art and future research agenda. In: Proceedings of the 17th International Workshop on Data Warehousing and OLAP, pp. 99–101 (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Beamer, S., et al.: Direction-optimizing breadth-first search. In: SC 2012: Proceedings of the International Conference on High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis, pp. 1–10. IEEE (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Shiloach, Y., et al.: An O(logn) parallel connectivity algorithm. J. Algorithms 3(1), 57–67 (1982)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  4. Beamer, S., et al.: The gap benchmark suite. arXiv preprint arXiv:1508.03619 (2015)

  5. Balaji, V., et al.: When is graph reordering an optimization? Studying the effect of lightweight graph reordering across applications and input graphs. In: 2018 IEEE International Symposium on Workload Characterization (IISWC), pp. 203–214. IEEE (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Faldu, P., et al.: A closer look at lightweight graph reordering. In: 2019 IEEE International Symposium on Workload Characterization (IISWC), pp. 1–13. IEEE (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Wei, H., et al.: Speedup graph processing by graph ordering. In: Proceedings of the 2016 International Conference on Management of Data, pp. 1813–1828 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  8. Leskovec, J., et al.: SNAP Datasets: Stanford large network dataset collection, June 2014. http://snap.stanford.edu/data

  9. Huang, B., et al.: Structure preserved graph reordering for fast graph processing without the pain. In: 2020 IEEE 22nd International Conference on High Performance Computing and Communications; IEEE 18th International Conference on Smart City; IEEE 6th International Conference on Data Science and Systems (HPCC/SmartCity/DSS), pp. 44–51. IEEE (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Mellor-Crummey, J., et al.: Improving memory hierarchy performance for irregular applications using data and computation reorderings. Int. J. Parallel Programm. 29(3), 217–247 (2001)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  11. Yu, X. et al.: IMP: indirect memory prefetcher. In: Proceedings of the 48th International Symposium on Microarchitecture, pp. 178–190 (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Faldu, P., et al.: Domain-specialized cache management for graph analytics. In: 2020 IEEE International Symposium on High Performance Computer Architecture (HPCA), pp. 234–248. IEEE (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Basak, A., et al.: Analysis and optimization of the memory hierarchy for graph processing workloads. In: 2019 IEEE International Symposium on High Performance Computer Architecture (HPCA), pp. 373–386. IEEE (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Balaji, V., et al.: P-OPT: practical optimal cache replacement for graph analytics. In: 2021 IEEE International Symposium on High-Performance Computer Architecture (HPCA), pp. 668–681. IEEE (2021)

    Google Scholar 

  15. Sharma, N., et al.: Data-aware cache management for graph analytics. In: 2022 Design, Automation and Test in Europe Conference and Exhibition (DATE), pp. 843–848. IEEE (2022)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Intel VTune Profiler (2021). https://software.intel.com/content/www/us/en/develop/tools/oneapi/components/vtune-profiler.html#gs.34axdf

  17. Wu, C.-J., et al.: SHiP: signature-based hit predictor for high performance caching. In: Proceedings of the 44th Annual IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Microarchitecture, pp. 430–441 (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Jain, A., et al.: Back to the future: leveraging Belady’s algorithm for improved cache replacement. In: 2016 ACM/IEEE 43rd Annual International Symposium on Computer Architecture (ISCA), pp. 78–89. IEEE (2016)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Neelam Sharma .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2022 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Singhania, S., Sharma, N., Venkitaraman, V., Jha, C.K. (2022). CAR: Community Aware Graph Reordering for Efficient Cache Utilization in Graph Analytics. In: Shah, A.P., Dasgupta, S., Darji, A., Tudu, J. (eds) VLSI Design and Test. VDAT 2022. Communications in Computer and Information Science, vol 1687. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-21514-8_37

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-21514-8_37

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-031-21513-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-031-21514-8

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics