Abstract
The purpose of the research was to study polymorphism and determine the frequency of occurrence of allelic variants for the gene of kappa-casein and diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase in cows of different ages and breeds. The objects of the study were cows aged after the first and third calving of the black-and-white and Kholmogory breed. The genotyping of cows for CSN3 and DGAT1 genes was carried out using DNA diagnostics. It was defined that there was an advantage among dairy cattle in kappa-casein gene of CSN3 AA genotype, that was 64.3–66.9%, the frequency of allele A was 0.80–0.81 and allele B was 0.19–0.20, at the same time the best occurrence of B allele was found among Kholmogory cows. Between the two herds of cows the advantage of DGAT1 AK genotype was expressed with a frequency of 43.8–51.2%. Allele A dominates over allele K in all breeds. At the same time the highest occurrence of K DGAT1 allele was found in cows of Kholmogory breed (0.27–0.30). However, a significant shift in the gene balance for the diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase gene was revealed in the livestock of black-and-white first heifers (χ2 = 8.24; P < 0.01) and full-age cows (χ2 = 6.40; P < 0.05) towards the genotype DGAT1 AK. Consequently, in Kholmogorsky cows, rare and desirable alleles are better represented, to a greater extent by the CSN3 gene.
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Shaidullin, R. et al. (2023). Allelic Polymorphism of CSN3 and Dgat1 Genes in Herds of Black-and-White and Kholmogorsky Cattle. In: Beskopylny, A., Shamtsyan, M., Artiukh, V. (eds) XV International Scientific Conference “INTERAGROMASH 2022”. INTERAGROMASH 2022. Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, vol 574. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-21432-5_346
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