Abstract
Register automata are one of the simplest classes of automata that operate on infinite alphabets. Each automaton comes equipped with a finite set of registers where it can store data values and compare them with others from the input. Fresh-register automata are additionally able to accept a given data value just if it is fresh in the computation history. The bisimilarity problem for fresh-register automata is known to be in NP, when empty registers and duplicate register content are forbidden. In this paper, we investigate on-the-fly algorithms for solving bisimilarity, which attempt to build a bisimulation relation starting from a given input configuration pair. We propose an algorithm that uses concise representations of candidate bisimulation relations based on generating systems. While the algorithm runs in exponential time in the worst case, we demonstrate through a series of benchmarks its efficiency compared to existing algorithms and tools. We moreover implement a translation from \(\pi \)-calculus processes to fresh-register automata, and use the latter to obtain a prototype (strong early) bisimilarity checking tool for finitary \(\pi \)-calculus processes.
M. H. Bandukara—Supported by EPSRC DTP EP/R513106/1.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Notes
- 1.
We view automata as accepting words from a given input alphabet.
- 2.
- 3.
- 4.
http://piet.sourceforge.net/ implemented by Matteo Mio.
References
Aarts, F., Fiterau-Brostean, P., Kuppens, H., Vaandrager, F.: Learning register automata with fresh value generation. In: ICTAC Proceedings, pp. 165–183 (2015)
Abadi, M., Gordon, A.D.: A calculus for cryptographic protocols: the SPI calculus. Inf. Comput. 148(1), 1–70 (1999)
Aceto, L., Ingólfsdóttir, A., Srba, J.: The algorithmics of bisimilarity. In: Advanced Topics in Bisimulation and Coinduction, pp. 100–172. CUP (2012)
Babai, L.: On the length of subgroup chains in the symmetric group. Comm. Algebra 14(9), 1729–1736 (1986)
Bojanczyk, M., Klin, B., Lasota, S.: Automata theory in nominal sets. LMCS 10(3), 1–14 (2014)
Bollig, B., Habermehl, P., Leucker, M., Monmege, B.: A robust class of data languages and an application to learning. LMCS 10(4), 1–9 (2014)
Fernandez, J.-C., Mounier, L.: “On the fly’’ verification of behavioural equivalences and preorders. In: Larsen, K.G., Skou, A. (eds.) CAV 1991. LNCS, vol. 575, pp. 181–191. Springer, Heidelberg (1992). https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-55179-4_18
Ferrari, G.L., Montanari, U., Raggi, R., Tuosto, E.: From co-algebraic specifications to implementation: The Mihda toolkit. In: FMCO Revised Lectures (2002)
Grigore, R., Distefano, D., Petersen, R.L., Tzevelekos, N.: Runtime verification based on register automata. In: TACAS Proceedings, pp. 260–276 (2013)
Grumberg, O., Kupferman, O., Sheinvald, S.: Variable automata over infinite alphabets. In: LATA Proceedings, pp. 561–572 (2010)
Kaminski, M., Francez, N.: Finite-memory automata. Theoret. Comput. Sci. 134(2), 329–363 (1994)
Klin, B., Szynwelski, M.: SMT solving for functional programming over infinite structures. In: MSFP Proceedings, vol. 207, pp. 57–75 (2016)
Knuth, D.E.: Efficient representation of perm groups. Combinatorica 11, 33–43 (1991)
Kopczynski, E., Torunczyk, S.: LOIS: syntax and semantics. In: POPL Proceedings, pp. 586–598. ACM (2017)
Lin, H.: Computing bisimulations for finite-control \(\pi \)-calculus. J. Comput. Sci. Technol. 15, 1–9 (2008)
Milner, R., Parrow, J., Walker, D.: A calculus of mobile processes I and II. Inf. Comput. 100(1), 1–40 (1992)
Moerman, J., Sammartino, M., Silva, A., Klin, B., Szynwelski, M.: Learning nominal automata. In: POPL Proceedings, pp. 613–625. ACM (2017)
Montanari, U., Pistore, M.: pi-calculus, structured coalgebras, and minimal HD-automata. In: Nielsen, M., Rovan, B. (eds.) MFCS Proceedings, pp. 569–578 (2000)
Murawski, A.S., Ramsay, S.J., Tzevelekos, N.: DEQ: equivalence checker for deterministic register automata. In: ATVA Proceedings, pp. 350–356 (2019)
Murawski, A., Ramsay, S., Tzevelekos, N.: A contextual equivalence checker for IMJ*. In: ATVA Proceedings, pp. 234–240 (2015)
Murawski, A.S., Ramsay, S.J., Tzevelekos, N.: Bisimilarity in fresh-register automata. In: LICS Proceedings, pp. 156–167 (2015)
Murawski, A.S., Ramsay, S.J., Tzevelekos, N.: Polynomial-time equivalence testing for deterministic fresh-register automata. In: MFCS Proceedings (2018)
Murawski, A.S., Tzevelekos, N.: Algorithmic nominal game semantics. In: ESOP Proceedings, pp. 419–438 (2011)
Murawski, A.S., Tzevelekos, N.: Algorithmic games for full ground references. Formal Methods Syst. Des. 52(3), 277–314 (2018)
Neven, F., Schwentick, T., Vianu, V.: Finite state machines for strings over infinite alphabets. ACM Trans. Comput. Logic 5(3), 403–435 (2004)
Parrow, J., Borgström, J., Eriksson, L., Gutkovas, R., Weber, T.: Modal logics for nominal transition systems. Log. Methods Comput. Sci. 17(1), 1–14 (2021)
Pistore, M.: History-Dependent Automata. Ph.D. thesis, Università di Pisa (1999)
Sakamoto, H., Ikeda, D.: Intractability of decision problems for finite-memory automata. Theor. Comput. Sci. 231(2), 297–308 (2000)
Sangiorgi, D., Walker, D.: The Pi-Calculus - a theory of mobile processes. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (2001)
Schwentick, T.: Automata for XML-a survey. JCSS 73(3), 289–315 (2007)
Sloane, N.J.A.: The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences. https://oeis.org/A002720. Sep 2022
Tzevelekos, N.: Fresh-register automata. In: POPL Proceedings. ACM (2011)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2022 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Bandukara, M.H., Tzevelekos, N. (2022). On-The-Fly Bisimilarity Checking for Fresh-Register Automata. In: Dong, W., Talpin, JP. (eds) Dependable Software Engineering. Theories, Tools, and Applications. SETTA 2022. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 13649. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-21213-0_12
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-21213-0_12
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-031-21212-3
Online ISBN: 978-3-031-21213-0
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)