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Emphysema and Cystic Lung Disease

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Abstract

Emphysema is a form of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), that is defined by the Global Initiative for chronic obstructive lung disease (GOLD). It is a disease that affects the air spaces distal to the terminal bronchiole, and further characterized by abnormal permanent dilation of the air spaces. This leads to destruction of these air spaces and lung parenchyma with loss of elasticity.

Cystic lung disease has a broad differential diagnosis, which includes Alpha 1-Antitrypsin deficiency, Birt-Hogg-Dube syndrome, and Lymphoid interstitial pneumonia, to name a few. Pathophysiological development of these various diseases varies from airway obstruction to remodeling of the lung, which leads to cystic development. An accurate diagnosis can be challenging, and management is dependent on the disease. A combination of imaging, serum tests, genetic tests, and clinical features can aid in differentiating between various etiologies. A biopsy is often required for definitive diagnosis. This chapter presents an overview of Emphysema, as well as various Cystic Lung Diseases.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA

    Selvin Jacob & Mark T. Warner

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  1. Selvin Jacob
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  1. Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer, Houston, TX, USA

    Cesar A. Moran

  2. Department of Thoracic Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer, Houston, TX, USA

    Mylene T. Truong

  3. Department of Thoracic Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer, Houston, TX, USA

    Patricia M. de Groot

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Jacob, S., Warner, M.T. (2023). Emphysema and Cystic Lung Disease. In: Moran, C.A., Truong, M.T., de Groot, P.M. (eds) The Thorax. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-21040-2_22

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