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Myelination

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Neurodevelopmental Pediatrics

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Abstract

Myelin is an essential part of the nervous system as it allows for increased and more efficient signal transmission through saltatory conduction. In the central nervous system, myelin sheaths are produced by oligodendrocytes subsequent to the activation of several genes, including the Olig1 and Olig2 transcription factors and Plp1 and Mbp encoding proteins that make up the myelin sheath and which also play roles in oligodendrocyte development from oligodendroglial progenitor cells. Interruption to the function of these genes, such as through inherited mutations, leads to defects in myelin production and abnormal nervous system function that is evident in several demyelinating diseases. However, the regenerative processes of remyelination and innovative therapeutic approaches under clinical development may help to partially alleviate these demyelinating disorders.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada

    Janine Gallego, Mikaela Nevin & David D. Eisenstat

  2. Neuroscience Program, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada

    Janine Gallego

  3. Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada

    Janine Gallego

  4. Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada

    David D. Eisenstat

  5. Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada

    David D. Eisenstat

  6. Department of Paediatrics, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia

    David D. Eisenstat

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  1. Janine Gallego
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  2. Mikaela Nevin
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  3. David D. Eisenstat
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Correspondence to David D. Eisenstat .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia

    David D. Eisenstat

  2. Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada

    Dan Goldowitz

  3. Department of Pediatrics and School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada

    Tim F. Oberlander

  4. Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada

    Jerome Y. Yager

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Gallego, J., Nevin, M., Eisenstat, D.D. (2023). Myelination. In: Eisenstat, D.D., Goldowitz, D., Oberlander, T.F., Yager, J.Y. (eds) Neurodevelopmental Pediatrics. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-20792-1_7

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