Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Structures Associated with the Dynamics of Granitic Rock Emplacement (NW Portugal)

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Structural Geology and Tectonics Field Guidebook—Volume 2

Part of the book series: Springer Geology ((SGFG))

  • 564 Accesses

Abstract

This chapter proposes a fieldtrip on NW of Portugal (Oporto metropolitan area), which is a sequence of thematic stops. The stops began on deep crustal level at a magmatic feeder zone—Leça da Palmeira Metamorphic Complex, and follows to a middle-upper crustal level with magmatic features associated with magmatic chamber dynamics of post-orogenic biotite granite (Bt-granites)—the Lavadores granite. Each theme is methodological divided into several sections: short introductory text about each feature highlighted on the outcrops; stop description supported with sketches and photos illustrating what can be really seen at the outcrops; field and/or drawing activity; discussion and conclusion section, focused on new approaches and interpretations of the geological results. On Leça Palmeira Metamorphic Complex the major issue is a granite-tonalite relationship on a deep shear zone, where a magmatic feeder zone was evolved as a gneissic complex. The Lavadores granite shows all a sequence of mesostructures related with the interaction between mafic microgranular enclaves and the host granite; a morphological potash feldspars (Kfs) classification is used; hybridization mechanism involving Kfs and enclaves motion and an Enclave Disruption Mechanism (EDM) is proposed; feldsphatic plume structure recorded the feeding process into the magmatic chamber.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 89.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 119.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Abbreviations

A:

Area of the grain

AMS:

Anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility

BLG:

Bulging recrystallization

Bt:

Biotite

C:

Circularity

C/C’-S:

C, shear plane surface; C’, secondary shear plane surface; S, foliation surface

CIZ:

Central Iberian Zone

CMF:

Critical melt fraction

cm-sized:

Centimetric sized

CRSS:

Critical resolved shear stress

CSD:

Crystal size distribution

CZ:

Cantabrian Zone

D1:

First Variscan deformation phase

D2:

Second Variscan deformation phase

D3:

Third Variscan deformation phase

DBDSZ:

Dúrico-Beirã Ductile Shear Zone

dm-sized:

Decametric sized

EAD:

Equal area diameter

EDM:

Enclave disruption mechanism

FD:

Foz do Douro metamorphic complex

fO2:

Oxygen fugacity

GBM:

Grain boundary migration

GN Bt:

Biotitic gneiss

GN Bt-f:

Fine grain biotite gneiss

GN Bt-rest:

Biotitic gneiss with lenses of restitic material

GN Kfs:

K-feldspar gneiss

GN Ton:

Tonalitic gneiss

GN-2 m:

Two-micas gneiss

GTMZ:

Galicia Trás-os-Montes Zone

h1, h2, h3, h4:

Stages enclave hybridization mechanism

HP:

High pression

HREE:

Heavy rare earth elements

HT:

High temperature

IAA:

Ibero-Armorican Arc

IL:

Inner layer

Kfs:

Potash feldspar

L:

Length of grain longest diameter

L, R:

Left and right side 1st order shear zone

L′, R′:

Left and right side 2nd order shear zone

Lmag:

Magmatic lineation

LPMC or LP:

Leça da Palmeira Metamorphic Complex

LPO:

Lattice preferred orientation

LREE:

Light rare earth elements

Lx:

Stretching lineation

Mig:

Pelitic migmatites

MLDSZ:

Malpica-Lamego Ductile Shear Zone

MME:

Mafic microgranular enclaves

Mnz:

Monazite

Ø:

Crystal fraction

OL:

Outer layer

OMZ:

Ossa-Morena Zone

P:

“Primary/stable” microgranular enclave

Pg:

Late granitic pegmatites dykes and sills

Pl:

Plagioclase

PT1:

First percolation threshold

PT2:

Second percolation threshold

PTDSZ:

Porto-Tomar Ductile Shear Zone

Qtz:

Quartz

R:

Grain geometry roundeness

REE:

Rare earth elements

Ri:

Initial ellipse ratio

Rf/ϕ:

Finite strain method

Rs:

Strain ellipse ratio

RT1:

First rheological threshold

RT2:

Second rheological threshold

Rb/Sr:

Radiogenic method based on rubidium and strontium

SGR:

Sub-grain rotation

Smag:

Magmatic foliation

SHRIMP:

Sensitive high-resolution ion microprobe

Sill:

Sillimanite

Sn:

Foliation

SPO:

Shape preferred orientation

SPZ:

South Portuguese Zone

t:

“Transient” microgranular enclave

t1, t2, t3:

Transient stages on enclave disruption mechanism

U/Pb:

Radiogenic method based on uranium and plumb

VVT:

Vila Verde Thrust

WALZ:

West Asturian-Leonese Zone

WR:

Whole rock

YX-plane:

Foliation plane

Zr:

Zircon

References

  • Alburquerque, C. A. (1971). Petrochemistry of a series of granitic rocks from northern Portugal. Geological Society of America Bullettin, 82, 2783–2798.

    Google Scholar 

  • Almeida, A., Leterrier, J., Noronha, F., & Bertrand, J. M. (1998). U-Pb zircon and monazite geochronology of the Hercynian two-mica granite composite pluton of Cabeceiras de Basto (Northern Portugal). Comptes Rendul Acadamic Science, Paris, 326, 779–785.

    Google Scholar 

  • Almeida, A., Santos, J. F., & Noronha, F. (2014). Contribuição dos sistemas isotópicos Sm-Nd e Rb-Sr para o estudo petrogenético do maciço granítico peraluminoso de duas micas da cidade do Porto (NW Portugal). Comunicações Geológicas, 101(I), 27–30.

    Google Scholar 

  • Altmeyer, T., Köpping, J., & Mengert, M. (2014). Tectonic Evolution of the Praia dos Beijinhos (NW-Portugal). (Unpublished Bachelor Thesis) (p. 94). University of Mainz.

    Google Scholar 

  • Alves, C. M. (1966). Os encraves granulares do Granito de Lavadores (Vila Nova de Gaia). Rev. Fac. Ciências Lisboa, 2ª série (C)14, 51–60.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ameglio, L., Vigneresse, J. L., & Bouchez, J. L. (1997). Granite pluton geometry and emplacement mode inferred from combined fabric and gravity data. In J. L. Bouchez, D. H. W. Hutton, & W. E. Stephens (Eds.), Granite: From segregation of melt to emplacement fabrics (pp. 200–214). Kluwer Academic Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Andrade, M. M., Borges, F. S., Marques, M. M., Noronha, F., & Pinto, M. S. (1983). Contribuição para o conhecimento da faixa metamórfica da Foz do Douro (Nota prévia). Sumários do I Congresso Nacional de Geologia.

    Google Scholar 

  • Antunes, I. M., Neiva, A. M., Silva, M. M., & Corfu, F. (2009). The genesis of I- and S-type granitoid rocks of the Early Ordovician Oledo pluton, Central Iberian Zone (central Portugal). Lithos, 111, 168–185.

    Google Scholar 

  • Arenas, R., Díez-Fernández, R., Rubio-Pascual, F. J., Sánchez-Martínez, S., Martín-Parra, L. M., Matas, J., Tánago, J. G., Jiménez-Díaz, A., Fuenlabrada, J. M., Andonaegui, P., & Garcia-Casco, A. (2016). The Galicia—Ossa-Morena Zone: Proposal for a new zone of the Iberian Massif. Variscan Implications. Tectonophysics, 681, 135–143.

    Google Scholar 

  • Arzi, A. A. (1978). Critical phenomena in the rheology of partially melted rocks. Tectonophysics, 44, 173–84.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ayrton, S. (1988). The zonation of granitic plutons: The “failed ring-dyke” hypothesis. Schweizerische Mineralogische Und Petrographische Mitteilungen, 68, 1–19.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ballèvre, M., Martínez-Catalán, J. M., López-Carmona, A., Pitra, P., Abati, J., Díez-Fernández, R., Ducassou, C., Arenas, R., Bosse, V., Castiñeiras, P., Fernández-Suárez, J., Gómez-Barreiro, J., Paquette, J. L., Peucat, J. J., Poujol, M., Ruffet, G., & Sánchez-Martínez, S. (2014). Correlation of the nappe stack in the Ibero-Armorican arc across the Bay of Biscay: a joint French–Spanish project. In K. Schulmann, J. R. Martínez Catalán, J. M. Lardeaux, V. Janoušek, & G. Oggiano (Eds.), The Variscan Orogeny: Extent, Timescale and the Formation of the European Crust (vol. 405, pp. 77–113). Geological Society London, Special Publication.

    Google Scholar 

  • Barbarin, B. (1999). A review of the relationships between granitoid types, their origins and their geodynamic environments. Lithos, 46(3), 605–626.

    Google Scholar 

  • Barbarin, B. (1996) . Genesis of the two main types of peraluminous granitoids. Geology, 24, 295–298.

    Google Scholar 

  • Barbey, P. (2009). Layering and schlieren in granitoids: A record of interactions between magma emplacement, crystallization and deformation in growing plutons. Geologica Belgica, 12, 109–133.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bard, J. P., Capdevila, R., & Matte, P. (1971). Structure de la chaîne Hercynienne de la Meseta Ibérique: Comparaison avec les segments voisins. In Symposium Histoire Structurale du Golfe de Gascogne (vol. 22(4), pp. 1–68). Publications de l’Institute Français du Pétrole, Collection Colloque et Séminaire.

    Google Scholar 

  • Barriére, M. (1981). On curved laminae, graded layers, convection currents and dynamic crystal sorting in the Ploumanac’h (Brittany) subalkaline granite. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 77, 214–224.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bates, R. L., & Jackson, J. A. (1987). Glossary of Geology (p. 788). 3rd Ed. American Geological Institute, Alexandria, Virginia.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bea, F., Montero, P., Talavera, C., & Zinger, T. (2006). A revised Ordovician age for the Miranda do Douro ortogneiss, Portugal. Zircon U-Pb ion microprobe and LA-ICPMS dating.Geologica Acta, 4, 395–401.

    Google Scholar 

  • Berthé, D., Chokroune, P., & Gapais, D. (1979a). Orientations prèférentielles du quartz et orthogneissification progressive en régime cisaillant: l’example du cisaillement sud- armoricain. Bulletin De Mineralogie, 102, 265–272.

    Google Scholar 

  • Berthé, D., Chokroune, P., & Jegouzo, P. (1979b). Orthogenesiss, mylonite and non-coaxial deformation of granites: The example of South Armoricain shear zone. Journal of Structural Geology, 1, 31–42.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bose, N., Dutta, D., & Mukherjee, S. (2018). Role of grain-size in phyllonitisation: Insights from mineralogy, microstructures, strain analyses and numerical modeling. Journal of Structural Geology, 112, 39–52.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bose, N., & Mukherjee, S. (2020). Estimation of deformation temperatures, flow stresses and strain rates from an intra-continental shear zone: The Main Boundary Thrust, NW Himalaya (Uttarakhand, India). Marine and Petroleum Geology, 112, 104094.

    Google Scholar 

  • Burg, J. -P., Iglesias, M., Laurent, Ph., Matte, Ph., & Ribeiro, A. (1981). Variscan intracontinental deformation: the Coimbra-Cordoba shear zone (SW Iberian Peninsula). Tectonophysics, 78, 161–177.

    Google Scholar 

  • Canilho, M. H. (1975). Contribuição para o conhecimento do granito de Lavadores. Boletim Sociedade Geológica Portugal, 19, 173–195.

    Google Scholar 

  • Capdevila, R., Corretgé, G., & Floor, P. (1973). Les granitoides varisques de la Meseta Ibérique. Bulletin de la Societé Géologique de France, 7(153, 3/4), 209–228.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carrington da Costa, J., & Teixeira, C. (1957). Carta Geológica de Portugal na escala de 1/50000 e Notícia Explicativa da folha 9-C (Porto) (p. 38). Serviços Geológicos de Portugal.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carter, N. L., & Tsenn, M. C. (1987). Flow properties of continental lithosphere. Tectono- Physics, 136, 27–63.

    Google Scholar 

  • Castro, A., De la Rosa, J. D., Fernández, C., & Moreno-Ventas, I. (1995). Unstable flow, magma mixing and magma-rock deformation in a deep-seated conduit: The Gil-Márquez Complex, southwest Spain. Geologische Rundschau, 84, 359–374.

    Google Scholar 

  • Castro, A., De La Rosa, J., & Stephens, W. E. (1990). Magma mixing in the subvolcanic environment: petrology of the Gerena interaction zone near Seville, Spain. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 105, 9–26.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chappel, B. W., & White, A. J. R. (1992). I- and S-type granites in the Lachlan Fold Belt. Transactions of Royal Society of Edinburgh: Earth Sciences, 83, 1–26.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chaminé, H. I., Leterrier, J., Fonseca, P. E., Ribeiro, A., & Lemos de Sousa, M. J. (1998). Geocronologia U/Pb em zircões e monazites de rochas orto-derivadas do sector Espinho–Albergaria-a-Velha (Zona de Ossa Morena, NW de Portugal). In: Azerêdo, A. (coord.), Proceedings of V Congresso Nacional de Geologia (Vol. 84, issue (1), pp. B115–B118). Comun. Inst. Geol. Min., Lisboa.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chaminé, H. I., Gama Pereira L. C., Fonseca P. E., Moço, L. P., Fernandes, J. P., Rocha, F. T., Flores, D., Pinto de Jesus, A., Gomes, C., Soares de Andrade, A. A., & Araújo, A. (2003). Tectonostratigraphy of middle and upper Palaeozoic black shales from the Porto–Tomar–Ferreira do Alentejo shear zone (W Portugal): new perspectives on the Iberian Massif. Geobios, 36, 649–663.

    Google Scholar 

  • Clarke, D. B., Grujic, D., McCuish, K. L., Sykes, J. C. P., & Tweedale, F. M. (2013). Ring schlieren: Description and interpretation of field relations in the Halifax Pluton, South Mountain Batholith, Nova Scotia. Journal of Structural Geology, 51, 193–205.

    Google Scholar 

  • Costa, M. M., Neiva, A. M., & Azevedo, M. R. (2006). Geoquímica dos granitóides variscos tardi- a pós-D3 da região de Aguiar da Beira: Os maciços de Pera Velha e Ferreira de Aves. Res. VII Congresso Nac. Geologia, 1, 61–64.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dias, G., Leterrier, J., Mendes, A. C., Simões, P. P., & Bertrand, J. M. (1998). U-Pb zircon and monazite geochronology of post-collisional Hercynian granitoids from the Central Iberian Zone Northern Portugal. Lithos, 45, 349–369.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dias, R., Ribeiro, A., Coke, C., Pereira, E., Rodrigues, J., Castro, P., Moreira, N., & Rebelo, J. (2013). Evolução estrutural dos sectores setentrionais do Autóctone da Zona Centro-Ibérica. In R. Dias, A. Araújo, P. Terrinha, & J. C. Kullberg (Eds.), Geologia de Portugal (vol I, pp. 73–148). Geologia Pré-Mesozóica de Portugal. Escolar Editora.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dickson, F. W. (1995). Orthoclase porphyroblasts in gneisses and granites: Cordilleran Section. Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs, 27(5).

    Google Scholar 

  • Didier, J. (1973). Granites and their enclaves (p. 393). Elsevier.

    Google Scholar 

  • Faure, M., Lardeaux, J.-M., & Ledru, P. (2009). A review of the pre-Permian geology of the Variscan French Massif Central. Comptes Rendus Geoscience, 341, 202–213.

    Google Scholar 

  • Faure, M., Leloix, C., & Roig, J. Y. (1997). L’évolution polycyclique de la chaîne hercynienne. Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France, 168, 695–705.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fernández-Catuxo, J. (1995). Geología Granítica del Macizo del Confurco (Galicia, España). (Tese de Doutoramento) (p. 298). Universidade de Oviedo.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fernandez, A. N., & Gasquet, D. R. (1994). Relative rheological evolution of chemically contrasted coeval magmas: Example of the Tichka plutonic complex (Morocco). Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 116, 316–326.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fernandez, C., Castro, A., De la Rosa, J. D., & Moreno Ventas, I. (1997). Rheological aspects of magma transport inferred from rock structures. In J. L. Bouchez, D. H. Hutton, & W. E. Stephens (Eds.), Granite: From segregation of melt to emplacement fabrics (pp. 75–91). Kluwer Academic Plubishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fernandez, F. J., Chaminé, H. I., Fonseca, P. E., Munhá, J. M., Ribeiro, A., Aller, J., Fuertes-Fuentes, M., & Borges, F. S. (2003). H-T fabrics in a garnet-bearing quartzite from Western Portugal: Geodynamic implications for the Iberian Variscan Belt. Terra Nova, 15, 96–103.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ferreira, J., Martins, H. C. B., & Ribeiro, M. A. (2014). Geocronologia (U-Pb) e Geoquímica do granito do Pedregal. Comunicações Geológicas Tomo, 101(I), 89–92.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ferreira, N., Iglésias, M., Noronha, F., Pereira, E., Ribeiro, A., & Ribeiro, M. L. (1987). Granitóides da Zona Centro-Ibérica e seu enquadramento geodinâmico. In F. Bea, A. Carnicero, J. C. Gonzalo, M. Lopes Plaza, & M. D. Rodriguez Alonso (Eds.), Geologia de los Granitoides y Rocas Asociadas del Macizo Hesperico, Libro de Homenaje a L. C. Garcia de Figuerola (pp. 37–52). Editorial Rueda.

    Google Scholar 

  • Franke, W. (1989). Variscan plate tectonics in Central Europe—current ideas and open questions. Tectonophysics, 169, 221–228.

    Google Scholar 

  • Franke, W. (2000). The mid-European segment of the Variscides: Tectonostratigraphic units, terrane boundaries and plate tectonic evolution. In W. Franke et al. (Eds.), Orogenic processes: Quantification and modelling in the variscan belt. Geological Society of London (vol. 179, pp. 35–61). Special Publication.

    Google Scholar 

  • Glazner, A. F., & Johnson, B. R. (2013). Late crystallization of K-feldspar and the paradox of megacrystic granites. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 166, 777–799.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gonçalves, A., Sant’Ovaia, H., & Noronha, F. (2019). Emplacement mechanism of Caria-Vila da Ponte Pluton (Northern Portugal): Building and internal magmatic record. Journal of Structural Geology, 124, 91–111.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hatcher, R. D. (1989). Tectonic synthesis of the U.S. Appalachians. In R. D. Hatcher, W. A. Thomas, & G. W. Viele (Eds.), The appalachian-ouachita orogen in the United States (pp. 511–535). Geological Society of America, Boulder.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hibbard, M. J. (1995). Petrography to petrogenesis (p. 587). Prentice Hall.

    Google Scholar 

  • Higgins, M. D. (2006). Quantitative textural measurements in igneous and metamorphic petrology (p. 265). Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hutton, D. H. (1988). Granite emplacement mechanisms and tectonic controls: inferences from deformation studies. Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: Earth Sciences, 79, 245–255.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hutton, D., Dempster, T., Brown, P., & Becker, S. (1990). A new mechanism of granite emplacement: intrusion in active extensional shear zones. Nature, 343, 452–455.

    Google Scholar 

  • Irvine, T. N. (1982). Terminology for layered intrusions. Journal of Petrology, 23, 127–162.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kirkpatrick, R. J. (1975). Crystal growth from the melt: A review. American Mineralogist, 60, 798–814.

    Google Scholar 

  • Klein, C., & Hurlbut, C. S., Jr. (1977). Manual of Mineralogy (after J.D. Dana). 20ª Ed. (p. 596). John Wiley & Sons.

    Google Scholar 

  • Koopmann, A. (2004). Magma mingling: Die hydrodynamische genese magmatischer dispersionen. (Unpublished PhD thesis). Universität Würzburg.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kruhl, J. H. (2003). Analysis of microfabrics in geomaterials. In J. H. Kruhl (Ed.), (Organizer), Second European Workshop: Analysis of Microfabrics in geomaterials. (not published).Tectonic and Materials Fabric Section, TUM, Munich.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kurz, W., Fritz, H., Tenczer, V., & Unzog, W. (2002). Tectonometamorphic evolution of the Koralm Complex (Eastern Alps): constraints from microstructures and textures of the “Plattengneis” shear zone. Journal of Structural Geology, 24, 1957–1970.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lacroix, A. (1903). Notice sur les travaux scientifiques de M.A. Lacroix (p. 126). Libraire Polytechnique Ch. Beranger, Paris.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lancelot, J. R., Allegret, A., & Iglesias, M. (1985). Outline of the upper cambrian and the lower paleozoic evolution of the Iberian Peninsula according to U-Pb dating of zircons. Earth and Planet Science Letters, 74, 325–337.

    Google Scholar 

  • Laporte, D. (1987). Un exemple d’intrusion syntectonique: l’intrusion d’Ile-Rousse, Cor e du Nord-Ouest; étude pétrographique, minéralogique et géochimique; analyse structurale (p. 422). Thèse nouveau régime, Univ. Saint-Étienne.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lefort, J. P. (1981). Manaslu leucogranite: a collision signature of the Himalaya. A model for its genesis and emplacement. Journal Geophysical Research, 86, 10545–10568.

    Google Scholar 

  • Leterrier, J., & Noronha, F. (1998). Evidências de um plutonismo calcoalcalino Cadomiano e de um magmatismo MORB no Complexo Metamórfico da Foz do Douro. Com. Inst. Geol. Min., Lisboa, 84, B146–B149.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lexa, O. (2003). PolyLX toolbox for MATLAB—reference manual. Charles University, 2.0 edn.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lisle, R. J. (1985). Geological strain analysis: A manual for the Rf/ø Method (p. 99). Pergamon Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Llana-Fúnez, S., & Marcos, A. (1998). Malpica-Lamego Deformation Zone: a major crustal-scale shear zone in the Iberian Variscan Belt (Galicia, N Portugal). In Canadian tectonics group 18th annual meeting and geological association of Canada NUNA conference in honour of P.F. Williams, Abstracts volume “Evolution of Structures in Deforming Rocks”. Canmore, Canada.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lorenz, A. (2014). How does granite emplace in middle to upper crust—Structural study of the Lavadores granite, Portugal (p. 102). (Unpublished Diplomat Thesis). Johannes Gutenberg-Universität.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lotze, F. (1945). Zur gliederung der varisciden der Iberischen Meseta. Geotekt Forsch, 4(6), 78–92.

    Google Scholar 

  • Marre, J. (1986). The structural analysis of granitic rocks (p. 123). North Oxford Academic Publishers Ltd.

    Google Scholar 

  • Martins, H. C., Almeida, A., Noronha, F., & Leterrier, J. (2001). Novos dados geocronológicos de granitos da região do Porto: granito do Porto e granito de Lavadores. In T. Boski et al. (Eds.), Actas do VI Congresso de Geoquímica dos Países de Língua Portuguesa e XII Semana de Geoquímica (pp. 146-148). Universidade do Algarve, Faro.

    Google Scholar 

  • Martínez-Catalán, J. R. (1990). A non-cylindrical model for the northwest Iberian allochthonous terranes and their equivalents in the Hercynian belt of Western Europe. Tectonophysics, 179, 253–272.

    Google Scholar 

  • Martínez-Catalán, J. R. (2011). Are the oroclines of the Variscan belt related to late Variscan strike-slip tectonics? Terra Nova, 23, 241–247.

    Google Scholar 

  • Martínez-Catalán, J. R., Arenas, R., Abati, J., Sánchez Martínez, S., Díaz García, F., Fernández Suárez, J., Cuadra, P. G., Castiñeiras, P., Barreiro, J. G., Díez Montes, A., Clavijo, E. G., Rubio Pascual, F. J., Andonaegui, P., Jeffries, T. E., Alcock, J. E., Díez Fernández, R., & López Carmona, A. (2009). A rootless suture and the loss of the roots of a mountain chain: The Variscan belt of NW Iberia. Comptes Rendus Geoscience, 341, 114–126.

    Google Scholar 

  • Martínez-Catalán, J. R., Arenas, R., Díaz-García, F., & Abati, J. (1997). Variscan accretionary complex of NW Iberia: Terrane correlation and succession of tectonothermal events. Geology, 25, 1103–1106.

    Google Scholar 

  • Martins, H. C., Sant’Ovaia, H., Abreu, J., Oliveira, M., & Noronha, F. (2011). Emplacement of the Lavadores granite (NW Portugal): U/Pb and AMS results. C. R. Geoscience, 343, 387–396.

    Google Scholar 

  • Martins, H. C., Sant’Ovaia, H., & Noronha, F. (2009). Genesis and emplacement of felsic Variscan plutons within a deep crustal lineation, the Penacova-Régua-Verín fault: An integrated geophysics and geochemical study (NW Iberian Peninsula). Lithos, 111, 142–155.

    Google Scholar 

  • Matte, P. (1986). Tectonics and plate tectonics model for de variscan belt of Europe. Tectonophysics, 126, 329–374.

    Google Scholar 

  • Matte, P. (2000). The Variscan collage and orogeny (480–290 M.a.) and the definition of the Armorica microplate: tectonic approach. In Variscan-Appalachian dynamics: the building of the Upper Paleozoic basement. Basement Tectonics 15, A Coruña, Program and Abstracts, 12.

    Google Scholar 

  • McBirney, A. R. (1984). Igneous petrology (p. 504). Freeman, Cooper & Company.

    Google Scholar 

  • McCuish, K. L. (2001). Schlieren in the South Mountain Batholith and Port Mouton Pluton, Meguma Zone, Nova Scotia. (Unpublished Honours BSc. Thesis) (p. 101). Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mehnert, K. R. (1968). Migmatites and the origin of granitic rocks (p. 393). Elsevier.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mendes, F. (1968). Contribuition à l’étude géochronologique, par le méthode au strontium, des formations cristallines du Portugal. Bol. Mus. Lab. Min. Geol., Universidade Lisboa, 11(1), 159.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mukherjee, S. (2013). Deformation microstructures in rocks. Springer Geochemistry/Mineralogy 1–111. ISBN 978-3-642-25608-0.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mukherjee, S. (2014). Review of flanking structures in meso- and micro-scales. Geological Magazine, 151, 957–974.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mukherjee, S. (2017). Review on symmetric structures in ductile shear zones. International Journal of Earth Sciences, 106, 1453–1468.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mukherjee, S. (2023). Introduction to structural geology and tectonics field guidebook—Volume 2. In S. Mukherjee (Ed.), Structural geology and tectonics field guidebook—Volume 2 (pp. xi–xiv). Springer Nature Switzerland AG. ISBN 978-3-031-19575-4.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mukherjee, S., Bose, N., Ghosh, R., Dutta, D., Misra, A. A., Kumar, M., Dasgupta, S., Biswas, T., Joshi, A., & Limaye, M. (2020). Structural geological atlas. Springer. ISBN: 978-981-13-9825-4.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mukherjee, S., Koyi, H. A. (2010). Higher Himalayan Shear Zone, Sutlej section: structural geology and extrusion mechanism by various combinations of simple shear, pure shear and channel flow in shifting modes. International Journal Earth Science, 99, 1267–1303.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mukherjee, S., & Mulchrone, K. (2012). Estimating the viscosity and Prandtl number of the Tso Morari Gneiss Dome, western Indian Himalaya. International Journal of Earth Sciences, 101, 1929–1947.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mukherjee, S., & Mulchrone, K. F. (Eds.). (2015). Ductile shear zones: From micro- to macro-scales (1st edn, p. 306). John Wiley & Sons.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nassau, K. (1978). The origins of color in minerals. American Mineralogist, 63, 219–229.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nédélec, A., & Bouchez, J.-L. (2015). Granites petrology, structure, geological setting, and metallogeny (p. 385). Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Neiva, A. M., Williams, I. S., Ramos, J. M., Gomes, M. E., Silva, M. V., & Antunes, I. M. (2009). Geochemical and isotopic constraints on the petrogenesis of Early Ordovician granodiorite and Variscan two-mica granites from the Gouveia area, central Portugal. Lithos, 111, 186–202.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nickel, E., Kock, H., & Nungässer, W. (1967). Modellversuche zur Fliessregelung in Graniten. Schweizerische Mineralogische Und Petrographische Mitteilungen, 47, 399–498.

    Google Scholar 

  • Noronha, F., & Leterrier, J. (1995). Complexo metamórfico da Foz do Douro. Geoquímica e geocronologia. Resultados preliminares. Mem. Mus. Lab. Miner. Geol. Fac. Ciênc. Porto, 4, 769–774.

    Google Scholar 

  • Noronha, F. P., Farinha Ramos, J. M., Rebelo, J. A., Ribeiro, A., & Ribeiro, M. L. (1979). Essai de corrélation des phases de déformation hercynienne dans le Nord-Ouest Péninsulaire. Bol. Soc. Geol. Portug, 21, 227–237.

    Google Scholar 

  • Okudaira, T., Takeshita, T., Hara, I., & Ando, J. (1995). A new estimate of the conditions for transition from basal <a>to prism [c] slip in naturally deformed quartz. Tectonophysics, 250, 31–46.

    Google Scholar 

  • Oliveira, J. T., Oliveira, V., & Piçarra, J. M. (1991). Traços gerais da evolução tectono-estratigráfica da Zona de Ossa Morena, em Portugal: Síntese crítica do estado actual dos conhecimentos. Comunicações Dos Serviços Geológicos De Portugal, 77, 3–26.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pamplona, J., Gutiérrez-Alonso, G., & Ribeiro, A. (2006). Superposition of shear zones during orogenic development: An example from the NW Variscan belt (Viana do Castelo, NW Portugal). Journal of Structural Geology, 28, 1327–1337.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pamplona, J., Rodrigues, B. C., Llana-Fúnez, S., Simões, P., Ferreira, N., Coke, C., Pereira, P., Castro, P., & Rodrigues, J. (2016). Structure and variscan evolution of malpica-lamego ductile shear zone (NW of Iberian Peninsula). In S. Mukherjee, & K. F. Mulchrone (Eds.), Ductile shear zones: From micro- to macro-scales (1st Edn, pp. 206–223). Wiley-Blackwell.

    Google Scholar 

  • Passchier, C. W., & Trouw, R. A. J. (2005). Microtectonics (2nd ed., p. 366). Springer-Verlag.

    Google Scholar 

  • Paterson, S. R., & Tobisch, O. T. (1992). Rates of processes in magmatic arcs: implications for the timing and nature of pluton emplacement and wall rock deformation. Journal of Structural Geology, 14(3), 291–300.

    Google Scholar 

  • Paterson, S. R. (2002). Igneous origin of K-feldspar megacrysts in deformed granite of the Papoose Flat pluton. Electronic Geosciences Electronic Geosciences. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10069-002-005-3

  • Paterson, S. R. (2009). Magmatic tubes, pipes, troughs, diapirs, and plumes: Late-stage convective instabilities resulting in compositional diversity and permeable networks in crystal-rich magmas of the Tuolumne batholith, Sierra Nevada, California. Geosphere, 5, 496–527.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pereira, E. (coord.). (1989). Carta Geológica de Portugal, Folha 1, escala 1:200.000. Serviços Geológicos Portugal.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pereira, E. (1988). Soco Hercínico da Zona Centro-Ibérica—Evolução Geodinâmica. Geonovas, 10, 10–35.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pereira, L. C., & Macedo, C. A. (1983). Sobre a idade dos granitos de Figueiró dos Vinhos, Pedrogrão Grande e dum pegmatito do Casal do Zote (Dornes) no sector da sutura ZOM—ZCI, a N de Tomar (Portugal Central); implicações geotectónicas. Comum. Serv. Geol. Portugal, 69(2), 265–266.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pereira, M. F., Díez Fernández, R., Gama, C., Hofmann, M., Gärtner, A., & Linnemann, U. (2017). S-type granite generation and emplacement during a regional switch from extensional to contractional deformation (Central Iberian Zone, Iberian autochthonous domain, Variscan Orogeny). International Journal of Earth Sciences, 107(1), 251–267.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pfiffner, O. A., & Ramsay, J. G. (1982). Constraints on geological strain rates - arguments from finite strain states of naturally deformed rocks. Journal of Geophysical Research, 87(B1), 311–321.

    Google Scholar 

  • Petford, N. (2003). Rheology of granitic magmas during ascent and emplacement. Annual Review of Earth Planetary Sciences, 31, 399–427.

    Google Scholar 

  • Petford, N., Cruden, A. R., McCaffrey, K. J. W., & Vigneresse, J. L. (2000). Granite magma formation, transport and emplacement in the Earth’s crust. Nature, 408, 669–673.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pinto, M. S. (1984). O granito gnáissico de Fânzeres (Porto, Portugal) – Idade e caracterização geoquímica geral. Memórias e Notícias Coimbra, 98, 231–242.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pinto, M. S., Casquet, C., Ibarrola, E., Corretgé, L. G., & Ferreira, M. P. (1987). Síntese Geocronológica dos Granitóides do Maciço Hespérico. In F. Bea, A. Carnicero, J.C. Gonzalo, M. Lopes Plaza, M.D. Rodriguez Alonso (Eds.), Geologia de los Granitoides y Rocas Asociadas del Macizo Hesperico, Libro de Homenaje a L. C. Garcia de Figuerola (pp. 69–86). Editorial Rueda, Madrid.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pitcher, W. S. (1979). Comments on the geological environments of granites. In M. P. Atherton, & J. Tarney (Eds.), Origin of granites batholites, geochimical evidence (pp. 1–8).

    Google Scholar 

  • Pitcher, W. S. (1993). The nature and origin of granite (p. 387). Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ramberg, H. (1981). Gravity deformation and the Earth’s Crust: Experiments and geological applications (p. 452). Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ramsay, J., & Huber, M. (1983). Techniques of modern structural geology (Vol. 1, p. 307). Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ribeiro, A., & Pereira, E. (1986). Flake tectonics in the NW Iberia Variscides. Maleo, 2(13), 38.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ribeiro, A. (1974). Contribuition à l'étude Tectonique de Trás-os-Montes Oriental. Memórias 24 (Nova Série) (p. 168). Serviços Geológicos Portugal.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ribeiro, A. (1984). Evolução Geodinâmica Da Zona Centro-Ibérica. Geonovas, 1(7), 145–146.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ribeiro, A. (2013). II. Evolução geodinâmica de Portugal; os ciclos ante-mesozóicos. In R. Dias, A. A. Araújo, P. Terrinha, J. C. Kullberg. (Eds.), Geologia de Portugal. Vol. I: Geologia Pré-Mesozóica de Portugal (pp. 15–58). Escolar Editora.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ribeiro, A., Munhá, J., Dias, R., Mateus, A., Pereira, E., Ribeiro, L., Fonseca, P., Araújo, A., Oliveira, T., Romão, J., Chaminé, H., Coke, C., & Pedro, J. (2007). Geodynamic evolution of the SW Europe Variscides. Tectonics, TC6009, 24.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ribeiro, A., Pereira, E., Chaminé, H. I., & Rodrigues, J. (1995). Tectónica do megadomínio de cisalhamento entre a Zona de Ossa-Morena e a Zona Centro-Ibérica na região de Porto-Lousã. Mem. Mus Lab. Min. Geol. Fac. Ciências Univ. Porto, 4, 299–303.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ribeiro, A., Pereira, E., & Dias, R. (1990). Part IV Central-Iberian Zone, allochthonous sequences, structure in the nortwest of the Iberian Peninsula. In R. D. Dallmeyer, & E. Martinez-Garcia (Eds.), Pre-Mesozoic geology of Iberia (pp. 220–236). Springer-Verlag.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ribeiro, A., Pereira, E., & Severo, L. (1980). Análise da deformação da zona de cisalhamento Porto-Tomar na transversal de Oliveira de Azeméis. Comunicações Dos Serviços Geológicos De Portugal, 66, 3–9.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ribeiro, M. L., Castro, A., Almeida, A., González-Menéndez, L., Jesus, A., Lains, J. A., Lopes, J. C., Martins, H. C., Mata, J., Mateus, A., Moita, P., Neiva, A. M, Ribeiro, M. A., Santos, J. F., & Solá, A. R. (2019). Variscan magmatism. In C. Quesada, J. Oliveira (Eds.), The geology of Iberia: A geodynamic approach. Regional geology reviews (pp. 497–526). Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rodrigues, B. C. (1989). Os Encraves das Rochas Graníticas (p. 137). (Unpublished MSc Thesis). Departamento de Geologia, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rong, J., & Wang, F. (2016). Metassomatic textures in granite: Evidence from petrographic observation (p. 144). Science Press and Springer Science.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sant’Ovaia, H., Ribeiro, M. A., Martins, H. C., Ferrão, F., Gomes, C., & Noronha, F. (2014). Estruturas e fabric magnético no maciço granítico de Lavadores-Madalena. Comunicações Geológicas, 101(Especial I), 313–317.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schermerhorn, L. G. (1987). Granite fractionation by convective cumulation. Revista Brasileira Geociências, 17, 617–618.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schmidt, A. (2014). Development of feldspar classification from the Lavadores granite in Porto, Portugal (p. 52). (Bachelor Thesis), University of Mainz.

    Google Scholar 

  • Scholz, C. H. (1988). The brittle-plastic transition and the depth of seismic faulting. Geologische Rundschau, 77, 319–328.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schulmann, K., Konopásek, J., Janousĕk, V., Lexa, O., Lardeaux, J.-M., Edel, J.-B., Štípská, P., & Ulrich, S. (2009). An Andean type Palaeozoic convergence in the Bohemian Massif. Comptes Rendus Geoscience, 341, 266–286.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schulmann, K., Martínez-Catalán, J. R., Lardeaux, J. M., Janoušek, V., & Oggiano, G. (2014). The Variscan orogeny: Extent, timescale and the formationof the European crust. In K. Schulmann, J. R. Martínez Catalán, J. M. Lardeaux, V. Janoušek, & G. Oggiano (Eds.), The variscan orogeny: Extent, timescale and the formation of the European crust (vol. 405, pp. 1–6). Geological Society of London, Special Publication.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schulz, G. (1858). Descripción geológica de la província de Oviedo. Map to scale 1:400 000 (1857). Madrid.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shaw, H. R. (1980). The fracture mechanisms of magma transport from the mantle to the surface. Physics of magmatic processes (pp. 201–264). Princeton University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Silva, M. M. (1995). Mineralogia, Petrologia e Geoquímica de Encraves de Rochas Graníticas de algumas Regiões Portuguesas (p. 288). (PhD Thesis) Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade de Coimbra.

    Google Scholar 

  • Silva, M. M. (2010). O Granito de Lavadores e seus Encraves. In J. M. Cotelo Neiva, A. Ribeiro, M. Victor, F. Noronha, & M. Ramalho (Eds.), Ciências Geológicas—Ensino e Investigação e sua História (I)—Geologia Clássica (pp. 269–279). Associação Portuguesa de Geólogos e Sociedade Geológica de Portugal.

    Google Scholar 

  • Silva, M. M., & Neiva, A. M. (1998). Geoquímica de encraves microgranulares e granitos hospedeiros da região de Vila Nova de Gaia, norte de Portugal. In Actas do V Congresso Nacional de Geologia (Resumos Alargados), Lisboa. Com. Inst. Geol. Min., Lisboa, 84, B35–B38.

    Google Scholar 

  • Silva, M. M., & Neiva, A. M. (2001). Condições termobarométricas de cristalização de encraves de afinidade shoshonítica e granito hospedeiro de Lavadores. In T. Boski et al. (Eds.), Actas do VI Congresso de Geoquímica dos Países de Língua Portuguesa e XII Semana de Geoquímica (pp. 215–218). Universidade do Algarve, Faro.

    Google Scholar 

  • Soo, S. L. (1967). Fluid dynamics of multiphase systems. A blaisdell book in the pure and applied sciences (p. 524). Blaisdell Publishing Company, Waltham, Mass.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sousa, M., Sant’Ovaia, H., Tassinari, C., & Noronha, F. (2014). Geocronologia U-Pb (SHRIMP) e Sm-Nd do ortognaisse biotítico do Complexo Metamórfico da Foz do Douro (NWde Portugal). Comunicações Geológicas, 101(Especial I), 225–228.

    Google Scholar 

  • Speer, J. A., McSween, Jr., H.Y., & Gates, A. L. (1994). Generation, segregation, ascent and emplacement of Alleghanian granitoid plutons in the southern Appalachians. The Journal of Geology, 102, 249–267.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stipp, M., Stünitz, H., Heilbronner, R., & Schmid, S. M. (2002). The eastern tonale fault zone: A “natural laboratory” for crystal plastic deformation of quartz over a temperature range from 250 to 700 °C. Journal of Structural Geology, 24, 1861–1884.

    Google Scholar 

  • Teixeira, C., Perdigão, J., & Assunção, C. T. (1962). Carta Geológica de Portugal na escala de 1/50000 e Notícia Explicativa da folha 13-A (Espinho) (p. 35). Serviços Geológicos de Portugal.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tobisch, O. T., McNulty, B. A., & Vernon, R. H. (1997). Microgranitoid enclave swarms in granitic plutons, Central Sierra Nevada, California. Lithos, 40, 321–339.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tweedale, F. (2012). Occurrence and origin of ring schlieren in the South Mountain Batholith, Meguma Zone, Nova Scotia (Unpublished Honours BSc (p. 82). Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia.

    Google Scholar 

  • Twiss, R. J. (1977). Theory and applicability of a recrystallized grain-size paleopiezometer. Pure and Applied Geophysics, 115, 227–244.

    Google Scholar 

  • Valle Aguado, B., Azevedo, M. R., Schalteggerb, U., Martínez Catalán, J. R., & Noland, J. (2005). U-Pb zircon and monazite geochronology of Variscan magmatism related to syn-convergence extension in Central Northern Portugal. Lithos, 82, 169–184.

    Google Scholar 

  • Van der Molen, I., & Paterson, S. (1979). Experimental deformation of partially-melted granite. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 10, 299–318.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vernon, R. H. (1986). K-feldspar megacrysts in granites—phenocrysts, not porphyroblasts. Earth Science Reviews, 23, 1–63.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vernon, R. H. (2004). A pratical guide to rock microstructure (p. 594). Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vernon, R. H., & Collins, W. J. (2011). Structural criteria for identifying granitic cumulates. Journal of Geology, 119, 127–142.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vigneresse, J. L. (1995). Control of granite emplacement by regional deformation. Tectonophysics 249, 173–186.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vigneresse, J. L., Cuney, M., & Barbey, P. (1991). Deformation assisted crustal melt segregation and transfer. Geological Association of Canada—Mineralogical Association of Canada Abstract, 16, A128.

    Google Scholar 

  • Voll, G. (1976). Recrystallization of quartz, biotite and feldspars from Erstfeld to the Leventina Nappe, Swiss Alps, and its geological significance. Schweizerische mineralogische und petrographische Mitteilungen, 56(3), 641–647.

    Google Scholar 

  • Voll, G. (1980). Ein Querprofil durch die Schweizer Alpen vom Vierwaldst ̈atter See zur Wurzelzone—Strukturen und ihre Entwicklung durch Deformationsmechanismen wichtiger Minerale. Neues Jahrbuch Geologie und Pal ̈aontologie. Abhandlungen, 160, 321–335.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wager, L. R., Brown, G. M., & Wadsworth, W. J. (1960). Types of igneous cumulates. Journal of Petrology, 1, 73–85.

    Google Scholar 

  • Weinberg, R. (2003). Granite transport and emplacement: A review. In Magmas to Mineralisation: The Ishihara Symposium (pp. 125–127). GEMOC, Macquarie University, Geoscience Australia Record 2003/14.

    Google Scholar 

  • Weinberg, R. F., Sial, A. N., & Pessoa, R. R. (2001). Magma flow within the Tavares pluton, northeastern Brazil: Compositional and thermal convection. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 113, 508–520.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wickham, S. M. (1987). The segregation and emplacement of granitic magma. Journal of the Geological Society of London, 144, 281–297.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wiebe, R. A., Jellinek, M., Markley, M. J., Hawkins, D. P., & Snyder, D. (2007). Steep schlieren and associated enclaves in the Vinalhaven granite, Maine: Possible indicators for granite rheology. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 153, 121–138.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zeck, H. P., Whitehouse, M. J., & Ugidos, J. M. (2007). 496 ± 3 Ma zircon ion microprobe age for pre-Hercynian granite, Central Iberian Zone, NE Portugal (earlier claimed 618 ± 9 Ma). Geological Magazine, 144(1), 21–31.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The work of the author Jorge Pamplona is supported by national funding awarded by FCT—Foundation for Science and Technology, I.P., projects UIDB/04683/2020 and UIDP/04683/2020. Soumyajit Mukherjee (IIT Bombay) invited edited and reviewed this article. Mukherjee (2023) summarized this chapter.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. ICT—Instituto de Ciências da Terra, Pólo da Universidade Do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal

    Jorge Pamplona

  2. CCT—Centro de Ciências da Terra, Universidade Do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal

    Benedito C. Rodrigues

  3. Institutionen För Geovetenskaper, Göteborgs Universitet, Guldhedsgatan 5C, 41320, Göteborg, Sweden

    Mark Peternell

  4. Tectonophysics, Institute of Geoscience, University of Mainz, 55128, Mainz, Germany

    Alex Lorenz, Alex Schimdt, Melissa Mengert, Thomas Altmeyer & Jonas Köpping

Authors
  1. Jorge Pamplona
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Benedito C. Rodrigues
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Mark Peternell
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Alex Lorenz
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Alex Schimdt
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Melissa Mengert
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Thomas Altmeyer
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. Jonas Köpping
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jorge Pamplona .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India

    Soumyajit Mukherjee

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2023 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Pamplona, J. et al. (2023). Structures Associated with the Dynamics of Granitic Rock Emplacement (NW Portugal). In: Mukherjee, S. (eds) Structural Geology and Tectonics Field Guidebook—Volume 2. Springer Geology(). Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-19576-1_2

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation