Skip to main content

Language Teacher Autonomy and Written Feedback: The Case of a Hong Kong Elementary English Teacher

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Innovation in Learning-Oriented Language Assessment

Part of the book series: New Language Learning and Teaching Environments ((NLLTE))

  • 428 Accesses

Abstract

Writing teachers often develop their feedback literacy through reflecting on in-service observations. Thus, language teacher autonomy (LTA) plays an important role in developing L2 writing teachers’ feedback literacy. Nevertheless, there is a paucity of research on written feedback exploring the influence of LTA on L2 writing teachers’ feedback practices, especially in elementary school contexts. To address the aforesaid gap, this chapter reports a case study of an experienced elementary English teacher in Hong Kong teaching a Grade 4 writing class. Teacher interviews and individual student interviews were conducted to offer perceptual insights into the role played by LTA in affecting the teacher’s written feedback practice. Findings show that self-directed actions and development exerted a direct and positive impact on the teacher’s decision to implement innovative written feedback practice. Contextual constraints were resolved through teacher mediation. Implications related to elementary school feedback practices and language teacher education are discussed.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 119.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 159.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 159.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Cho, S. (2010). Where all the changes come from: English language learners’ perceptions of feedback. Modern English Education, 11(3), 1–21.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chong, S. W. (2019). A systematic review of written corrective feedback research in ESL/EFL contexts. Language Education & Assessment, 2(2), 57–69. https://doi.org/10.29140/lea.v2n2.138

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chong, S. W. (2020). Written corrective feedback practices of an experienced ESL primary teacher: An ecological perspective. TESOL Journal, 11(3), 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1002/tesj.509

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chong, S. W. (2021). Reconsidering student feedback literacy from an ecological perspective. Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 46(1), 92–104. https://doi.org/10.1080/02602938.2020.1730765

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ferris, D. R., Liu, H., Sinha, A., & Senna, M. (2013). Written corrective feedback for individual L2 writers. Journal of Second Language Writing, 22(3), 307–329. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jslw.2012.09.009

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Han, Y. (2017). Mediating and being mediated: Learner beliefs and learner engagement with written corrective feedback. System, 69, 133–142. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2017.07.003

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hyland, F. (1998). The impact of teacher written feedback on individual writers. Journal of Second Language Writing, 7(3), 255–286. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1060-3743(98)90017-0

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kang, E., & Han, Z. (2015). The efficacy of written corrective feedback in improving L2 writing accuracy: A meta-analysis. The Modern Language Journal, 99(1), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1111/modl.12189

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kim, J., & Kim, J. (2005). Teaching Korean university writing class: Balancing the process and the genre approach. Asian EFL, 7(2), 1–15.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ko, K. (2010). Perceptions of KFL/ESL teachers in North America regarding feedback on college student writing (Doctoral dissertation). The Ohio State University.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lambert, M. (2019). Practical research methods in education: An early researcher’s critical guide (1st ed.). Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lee, I. (2008). Understanding teachers’ written feedback practices in Hong Kong secondary classrooms. Journal of Second Language Writing, 17(2), 69–85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jslw.2007.10.001

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lee, I. (2010). Writing teacher education and teacher learning: Testimonies of four EFL teachers. Journal of Second Language Writing, 19(3), 143–157. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jslw.2010.05.001

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lee, I. (2011). Feedback revolution: What gets in the way? ELT Journal, 65(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1093/elt/ccp028

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lee, I. (2019). Teachers’ frequently asked questions about focused written corrective feedback. TESOL Journal, 10(3), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1002/tesj.427

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lin, L., & Reinders, H. (2019). Students’ and teachers’ readiness for autonomy: beliefs and practices in developing autonomy in the Chinese context. Asia Pacific Education Review, 20(1), 69–89 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12564-018-9564-3

    Google Scholar 

  • Little, D. (1995). Learning as dialogue: The dependence of learner autonomy on teacher autonomy. System, 23(2), 175–181. https://doi.org/10.1016/0346-251x(95)00006-6

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Anderson, L. W. (1987). The decline of teacher autonomy: Tears or cheers?. International Review of Education, 33(3), 357–373. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00615308

    Google Scholar 

  • McGrath, I. (2000). Teacher autonomy. In B. Sinclair, I. McGrath, & T. Lamb (Eds.), Learner autonomy, teacher autonomy: Future directions (pp. 100–110). Longman.

    Google Scholar 

  • Paulus, T. M. (1999). The effect of peer and teacher feedback on student writing. Journal of Second Language Writing, 8(3), 265–289. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1060-3743(99)80117-9

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shintani, N., & Ellis, R. (2013). The comparative effect of direct written corrective feedback and metalinguistic explanation on learners’ explicit and implicit knowledge of the English indefinite article. Journal of Second Language Writing, 22(3), 286–306. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jslw.2013.03.011

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chong, S. W. (2018). Three Paradigms of Classroom Assessment: Implications for Written Feedback Research. Language Assessment Quarterly, 15(4), 330–347. https://doi.org/10.1080/15434303.2017.1405423

    Google Scholar 

  • Smith, R. C. (2001). Group work for autonomy in Asia: Insights from teacher-research. AILA Review, 15, 70–81.

    Google Scholar 

  • Straub, R. (1997). Students’ reactions to teacher comments: An exploratory study. Research in the Teaching of English, 31, 91–119.

    Google Scholar 

  • Smith, R. C. (2003). Teacher education for teacher-learner autonomy. Paper presented in Symposium for Language Teacher Educators: Papers from Three IALS Symposia (CD-ROM). Edinburgh: IALS, University of Edinburgh. http://www.warwick.ac.uk/~elsdr/Teacher_autonomy.pdf

  • Stake, R. E. (2005). Case studies. In N. K. Denzin & Y. S. Lincoln (Eds.), Handbook of qualitative research (3rd ed., pp. 443–454). Sage Publications.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tahirsylaj, A. (2019). Teacher autonomy and responsibility variation and association with student performance in Didaktik and curriculum traditions. Journal of Curriculum Studies, 51(2), 162–184. https://doi.org/10.1080/00220272.2018.1535667

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Thavenius, C. (1999). Teacher autonomy for learner autonomy. In S. Cotterall & D. Crabbe (Eds.), Learner autonomy in language learning: Defining the field and effecting change (pp. 159–163). Peter Lang.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vieira, F. (2003). Addressing constraints on autonomy in school contexts: Lessons from working with teachers. In D. Palfreyman & R. Smith (Eds.), Learner autonomy across cultures (pp. 220–239). Palgrave Macmillan.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgement

A research brief of this study was published in TESOL Journal (Chong, 2020). The research brief does not report any raw data and only teacher interview data were referred to. Moreover, the analytical lenses used to interpret the findings in the two pieces are different. While language teacher autonomy is used as the conceptual framework in this chapter, an ecological perspective to language teaching and learning was used to analyse data in the research brief.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Sin Wang Chong .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2023 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Chong, S.W. (2023). Language Teacher Autonomy and Written Feedback: The Case of a Hong Kong Elementary English Teacher. In: Chong, S.W., Reinders, H. (eds) Innovation in Learning-Oriented Language Assessment. New Language Learning and Teaching Environments. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-18950-0_8

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-18950-0_8

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-031-18949-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-031-18950-0

  • eBook Packages: Social SciencesSocial Sciences (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics