Abstract
Development has long been centred around the idea that one plan can be applied to all nations. This belief has recently been cast aside in favour of nation-specific development plans. Two major areas of focus are financial inclusion and gender equality. This paper sets out to understand the relationship between development, financial inclusion, and gender equality. The influence of gender equality and financial inclusion on development proves to be significant for Rwanda, suggesting that institutional and societal factors heavily influence a nation’s ability to experience long-run growth.
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Variable statistics
Variable | Description | Obs. | Mean | Std. dev. | Max | Min |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
GDP | GDP in constant 2011 USD (billions) | 14 | 6.46 | 2.08 | 10.20 | 3.55 |
Gender equality | CPIA gender equality index (1=low, 6=high) | 12 | 3.92 | 0.40 | 4.5 | 3.5 |
Property rights | CPIA property rights index (1=low, 6=high) | 12 | 3.31 | 0.25 | 3.5 | 3 |
Primary | Female primary enrolment (% gross) | 13 | 142.79 | 5.71 | 149.92 | 132.76 |
Secondary | Female secondary enrolment (% gross) | 13 | 30.44 | 10.79 | 42.23 | 14.13 |
Tertiary | Female tertiary enrolment (% gross) | 10 | 5.80 | 1.63 | 7.18 | 1.99 |
Unemployment | Female unemployment (%, ILO estimate) | 14 | 0.96 | 0.21 | 1.25 | 0.61 |
Total accounts | Total number of deposit and Laon accounts (thousands) | 14 | 3145.97 | 2250.62 | 7111.02 | 40.40 |
Loan accounts | Total loan accounts (thousands) | 14 | 215.13 | 170.71 | 484.36 | 2.66 |
Deposit accounts | Total deposit accounts (thousands) | 14 | 2930.85 | 2085.83 | 6626.65 | 37.75 |
Loan interest rates | Loan interest rate (%) | 14 | 16.69 | 0.57 | 17.33 | 15.78 |
Deposit interest rates | Deposit interest rate (%) | 14 | 7.80 | 1.26 | 9.92 | 5.39 |
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O’Toole, M. (2023). Women, Financial Inclusion, and Economic Development in Rwanda. In: Nayak, B.S. (eds) Political Economy of Gender and Development in Africa. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-18829-9_3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-18829-9_3
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