Abstract
Collaborative robotics is one of the foremost innovative technologies increasingly growing in the manufacturing market. Indeed, the disruption of collaborative robots, or cobots, in the Industrial Revolution 4.0 (IR4.0) has renewed the design and concept of manufacturing workplaces, in terms of flexibility and modularity. As a result, human-robot collaboration (HRC) has broken the standard and old-fashoined idea of performing manual assembly tasks in manufacturing systems. Numerous research studies have underlined that human-robot simultaneous or cooperative activities may improve the efficiency and productivity of companies with a positive impact on the health of workers. However, despite these benefits in the workplace, there is a lack of indicators to monitor this innovative collaboration, leading to losses and waste in terms of efficiency and costs. Moreover, an unwell design of this collaboration might decrease operator’ satisfaction and confidence. Hence, there is a desire to spot, select and systematize the main key performance indicators (KPIs) associated with HRC to boost the productivity of the system. Thus, the motivation for this research is to seek out the proper KPIs within the design of an HRC in line with different aspects of the business.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Parmenter, D.: Key Performance Indicators: Developing, Implementing, and Using Winning KPIs (D. Parmenter, Ed.; 3rd ed.). John Wiley & Sons (2015)
Segura, P., Lobato-Calleros, O., Ramirez-Serrano, A., Soria, I.: Human-robot collaborative systems: Structural components for current manufacturing applications. Adv. Indus. Manufact. Eng. 3, 100060 (2021)
Gambao, E., Hernando, M., Surdilovic, D.: A new generation of collaborative robots for material handling. Gerontechnology 11, 368 (2012)
Sangwa, N.R., Sangwan, K.S.: Development of an integrated performance measurement framework for lean organizations. J. Manuf. Technol. Manag. 29(1), 41–84 (2018)
Bejarano, R., Ramis, B., Mohammed, W.M., Lastra, J.L.: Implementing a human-robot collaborative assembly workstation.In: 2019 IEEE 17th International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN), 1, 557–564 (2019)
Wang, X., Kemény, Z., Váncza, J., Wang, L.: Human-robot collaborative assembly in cyber-physical production: classification framework and implementation. CIRP Ann. Manuf. Technol. 66, 5–8 (2017)
Papetti, A., Ciccarelli, M., Scoccia, C., Germani, M.: A multi-criteria method to design the collaboration between humans and robots. Procedia CIRP 104, 939–944 (2021)
Zimmermann, T.A.: Metrics and Key Performance Indicators for Robotic Cybersecurity Performance Analysis. National Institute of Standards and Technology (2017).https://doi.org/10.6028/NIST.IR.8177
Aliev, K., Antonelli, D., Awouda, A., Chiabert, P.: Key performance indicators integrating collaborative and mobile robots in the factory networks. In: Camarinha-Matos, L.M., Afsarmanesh, H., Antonelli, D. (eds.) PRO-VE 2019. IAICT, vol. 568, pp. 635–642. Springer, Cham (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-28464-0_56
Dannapfel, M., Bruggräf, P., Bertram, S., Förstmann, R., Riegauf, A.: Systematic planning approach for heavy-duty human-robot cooperation in automotive flow assembly. Int. J. Electr. Electr. Eng. Telecommun. 7(2), 51–57 (2018)
Klussmann, A., Steinberg, U., Liebers, F., Gebhardt, H., Rieger, M.A.: The key indicator method for manual handling operations (KIM-MHO) - evaluation of a new method for the assessment of working conditions within a cross-sectional study. BMC Musculoskelet. Disord. 11, 272 (2010)
Tadić, D., Dordevic, A., Eric, M., Stefanovic, M.Z., Nestić, S.: Two-step model for performance evaluation and improvement of New Service Development process based on fuzzy logics and genetic algorithm. J. Intell. Fuzzy Syst. 33, 3959–3970 (2017)
Stefanovic, M.Z., et al.: An assessment of maintenance performance indicators using the fuzzy sets approach and genetic algorithms. Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part J. Eng. Manufact. 231, 15–27 (2017)
Brown, M.: Collaborative Production Management in the Process Industries: A Stepwise Approach from KPIs to Workflow Processes (2005)
Nestic, S., Lampón, J.F., Aleksic, A., Cabanelas, P., Tadic, D.: Ranking manufacturing processes from the quality management perspective in the automotive industry. Expert Syst. (2019)https://doi.org/10.1111/exsy.12451
Rajković, T., Đorđević Milutinović, L., Lečić-Cvetković, D.: Spreadsheet model for determining adequate performance indicators of production management. Manage. J. Sustain. Bus. Manag. Solut. Emerg. Econ. 25(3), 13–22 (2020). https://doi.org/10.7595/management.fon.2020.0011
Bauters, K., Cottyn, J., Claeys, D., Slembrouck, M., Veelaert, P., Landeghem, H.V.: Automated work cycle classification and performance measurement for manual work stations. Robot. Comput. –Integr. Manufact. 51, 139–157 (2018)
Atkinson, R.D.: Robotics and the Future of Production and Work (2019)
Roehl, C.: Know Your Machine: Industrial Robots vs. Cobots. Universal Robots (2017). https://www.universal-robots.com/blog/know-your-machine-industrial-robots-vs-cobots/
ISO 12100:2010 Safety of machinery - General principles for design - Risk assessment and risk reduction (2022)
ISO/TC 199 Safety of machinery. https://www.iso.org/standard/51528.html
ISO 10218–1:2011 Robots and robotic devices - Safety requirements for industrial robots - Part 1: Robots. ISO/TC 299 Robotics (2011). https://www.iso.org/standard/51330.html
ISO 10218–2:2011 Robots and robotic devices — Safety requirements for industrial robots — Part 2: Robot systems and integration. (2011)
ISO/TS 15066:2016 Robots and robotic devices - Collaborative robots. ISO/TC 299 Robotics (2016). https://www.iso.org/standard/62996.html
Colim, A., et al.:Towards an ergonomic assessment framework for industrial assembly workstations - a case study. Appl. Sci. (Switzerland), 10(9) (2020)
Savković, M., Caiazzo, C., Djapan, M., Vukicevic, A.M., Pušica, M., Macuzic, I.: Development of modular and adaptive laboratory set-up for neuroergonomic and human-robot interaction research. Front. Neurorobot. 16 (2022)
Makrini, I.E., Merckaert, K., Lefeber, D., Vanderborght, B.: Design of a collaborative architecture for human-robot assembly tasks. In: 2017 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS), pp. 1624–1629 (2017)
Galin, R.R., Meshcheryakov, R.V., Kamesheva, S., Samoshina, A.: Cobots and the benefits of their implementation in intelligent manufacturing. In: IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, vol. 862, no. 3, pp. 032075 (2020)
Kildal, J., Tellaeche, A., Fernández, I., Maurtua, I.: Potential users’ key concerns and expectations for the adoption of cobots. Procedia CIRP 72, 21–26 (2018)
Papanastasiou, S., et al.: Towards seamless human robot collaboration: integrating multimodal interaction. Int. J. Adv. Manufact. Technol. 105(9), 3881–3897 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-019-03790-3
Chromjakova, F., Trentesaux, D., Kwarteng, M.A.: Human and cobot cooperation ethics: the process management. J. Competitiveness (2021)
Horst, J.A., Messina, E., Marvel, J.A.: best practices for the integration of collaborative robots into workcells within small and medium-sized manufacturing operations. Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol. Adv. Manufact. Ser. 100–141 (2021)
Colim, A., et al.: Lean manufacturing and ergonomics integration: defining productivity and wellbeing indicators in a human-robot workstation. Sustainability 13, 1931 (2021)
Zanchettin, A.M., Lotano, E., Rocco, P.: Collaborative robot assistant for the ergonomic manipulation of cumbersome objects. In: 2019 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS), pp. 6729–6734 (2019)
Bouchard, S., Couture, J.: Lean Robotics: A Guide to Making Robots Work in Your Factory (K. Stern, Ed.) (2017). https://leanrobotics.org/#book
Landini, A., Rodriguez, P., Anasagasti, M., Gonzalez, J.P.: Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) for assessment – I (2019). www.sharework-project.eu
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2023 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Caiazzo, C., Nestić, S., Savković, M. (2023). A Systematic Classification of Key Performance Indicators in Human-Robot Collaboration. In: Mihić, M., Jednak, S., Savić, G. (eds) Sustainable Business Management and Digital Transformation: Challenges and Opportunities in the Post-COVID Era. SymOrg 2022. Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, vol 562. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-18645-5_30
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-18645-5_30
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-031-18644-8
Online ISBN: 978-3-031-18645-5
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)