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PTSD in Military Service Members and Veterans

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Veteran and Military Mental Health

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Abstract

The psychological sequelae of warfare involvement have been documented for centuries. In the early twentieth century, terms such as battle fatigue, war neurosis, and shell shock connoted psychological and physical symptoms thought to arise from combat environment and prevented soldiers from returning to front lines. While current military personnel undergo routine screens for PTSD across their deployment cycle, many veterans of earlier conflicts lived with PTSD symptoms for decades without having an appropriate label for their condition and effective treatment, and many still lack an understanding of the nature of PTSD and how it has shaped their life trajectories. Practitioners working with military personnel and veterans must consider the diverse demographic, cultural, and contextual factors that influence how patients make sense of their symptoms and dealing with the condition. To address these issues, this chapter provides an overview of the epidemiology of PTSD by eras of military service and summarizes risk factors which increase susceptibility to PTSD onset and symptom maintenance. Additionally, it reviews evidence on comorbidity and quality of life in PTSD, as well as, issues regarding screening, assessment, and treatment.

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Acknowledgements

Johanna Thompson-Hollands was supported by the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (Clinical Sciences Research and Development Service) under Career Development Award # IK2 CX001589. Lewina O. Lee was supported by funding from the National Institute on Aging (award number K08-AG048221). The views expressed in this chapter are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the position or policy of the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, the U.S. government, or the National Institutes of Health.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Behavioral Science Division, National Center for PTSD, Boston, MA, USA

    Johanna Thompson-Hollands & Lewina O. Lee

  2. VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA

    Johanna Thompson-Hollands & Lewina O. Lee

  3. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA

    Johanna Thompson-Hollands & Lewina O. Lee

  4. Executive Division, National Center for PTSD, White River Junction, VT, USA

    Paula P. Schnurr

  5. Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA

    Paula P. Schnurr

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  1. Johanna Thompson-Hollands
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Correspondence to Johanna Thompson-Hollands .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Clin. Associate Professor of Psychiatry, Uniformed Services University of the Hea, Bethseda, MD, USA

    Christopher H. Warner

  2. Professor of Social Work, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA

    Carl A. Castro

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Thompson-Hollands, J., Lee, L.O., Schnurr, P.P. (2023). PTSD in Military Service Members and Veterans. In: Warner, C.H., Castro, C.A. (eds) Veteran and Military Mental Health. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-18009-5_12

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