Abstract
Exergy and Anergy are important terms for understanding sustainability in the context of energy consumption. Well established in the scientific world, these terms are nearly unknown in public perception. This is astonishing regarding the man-driven climate change and the related energy politics. Simply spoken, Exergy is the usable feature of any form of energy and Anergy is its not usable feature. In this sense Exergy is the necessary driving feature for all living species and for all economic activities of mankind. Our most important sustainable Exergy source is the sun radiation.
This chapter explains the essence of Exergy and Anergy with its significance in a wide scope of applications like in daily routine, in education, in statistics as well as in science and technology development. A well-adapted understanding of these notations supports sustainable behavior within all education levels. A generalist reader of this chapter may omit reading the (later) subchapters addressed to thermodynamic specialists. However, the last chapter on statistics is addressed to generalists as well.
In this chapter most acronyms and formulas are explained where they are used. The frequently used ones are explained in Nomenclature.
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Abbreviations
- e :
-
Specific Exergy (kJ/kg)
- h :
-
Specific enthalpy (kJ/kg)
- HHV:
-
Higher Heating Value of a fuel = LHV + Steam Condensation heat in combustion products
- ISO:
-
International Organization for Standardization
- J:
-
Metric energy or exergy or heat unit “Joule”
- kWh:
-
Energy unit (kilo watt hour) = 3.6 kJ (kilo joule =1000 J)
- LHV:
-
Lower Heating Value of a fuel (kJ/kg)
- p :
-
Pressure (bar)
- s :
-
Specific entropy (kJ/kg/K)
- Subscript 1:
-
Indicates “before a change of state”
- Subscript 2:
-
Indicates “after a change of state”
- Subscript a:
-
Indicates ambient state
- T :
-
Temperature (K or °C)
- Ta, Th:
-
Temperatures of an ambient and of a hot heat source (K)
- W:
-
Power unit Watt= J/s ; also multiples: kW, MW, GW, TW, PW (103, 106, 109, 1012, 1014)
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Wettstein, H.E. (2023). Exergy, Anergy, and Sustainability. In: García Márquez, F.P., Lev, B. (eds) Sustainability. International Series in Operations Research & Management Science, vol 333. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-16620-4_18
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