Abstract
The genome of Fusarium oxysporum, an ascomycete fungus, can be divided into two compartments: core chromosomes (CCs) and accessory chromosomes (ACs). CCs are conserved, vertically transmitted from parent to offspring, and involved in essential housekeeping functions, whereas lineage- or strain-specific ACs are horizontally transmitted and associated with specialized functions. These two genomic compartments differ in terms of gene density, transposable element distribution, and epigenetic markers. Although commonly observed in eukaryotes, the functional importance of ACs stands out among phytopathogenic fungi, especially in relation to their pathogenicity and adaptability to hosts and other environmental conditions. Recent studies confirmed that these structural and functional variations observed at the genomic level contribute to the colonization of both plant and human hosts by different F. oxysporum strains, most likely through coordination and crosstalk between these two compartments. In this review, we focus on the cross-kingdom fungal pathogenicity of F. oxysporum, providing a summary of the genome dynamics of F. oxysporum and describing how these dynamics shape the host niche through molecular dialogues.
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Yu, H., Ayhan, D.H., Martínez-Soto, D., Cochavi, S.M., Ma, LJ. (2023). Accessory Chromosomes of the Fusarium oxysporum Species Complex and Their Contribution to Host Niche Adaptation. In: Scott, B., Mesarich, C. (eds) Plant Relationships. The Mycota, vol 5. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-16503-0_16
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