Abstract
Since the beginning of humankind, touch has been a fundamental element of emotional communication between individuals. The increasing number and popularity of prosthetic and assistive robots make processing sense of touch essential to express affective touch. Based on the previous work of authors on design criteria to mediate affective touch, this paper introduces a device for generating stroking motion across the forearm to simulate affective touch. The device offers motion execution in over 50 different patterns by encompassing a matrix of linear actuators, which are designed to perform skin indentation and to simulate a stroking sensation. It also allows multiple mode parameters that can be investigated with a variety of stroking sensations. This can potentially reveal insightful results regarding affective touch .
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Dollar, A.M., Herr, H.: Lower extremity exoskeletons and active orthoses: challenges and state-of-the-art. IEEE Trans. Rob. 24(1), 144–158 (2008)
Beckerle, P., et al.: A human-robot interaction perspective on assistive and rehabilitation robotics. Front. Neurorobot. 11, 24 (2017)
Beckerle, P., et al.: Feel-good robotics: requirements on touch for embodiment in assistive robotics. Front. Neurorobot. 12, 84 (2018)
Morrison, I.: Ale meta-analysis reveals dissociable networks for affective and discriminative aspects of touch. Hum. Brain Mapp. 37(4), 1308–1320 (2016)
Ege Cansev, M., Nordheimer, D., Andrea Kirchner, E., Beckerle, P.: Feel-good requirements: neurophysiological and psychological design criteria of affective touch for (assistive) robots. Front. Neurorobot. 15, 661207 (2021)
Löken, L.S., Wessberg, J., Morrison, I., McGlone, F., Olausson, H.: Coding of pleasant touch by unmyelinated afferents in humans. Nat. Neurosci. 12(5), 547–548 (2009)
Ackerley, R., Saar, K., McGlone, F., Backlund Wasling, H.: Quantifying the sensory and emotional perception of touch: differences between glabrous and hairy skin. Front. Behav. Neurosci. 8, 34 (2014)
Huisman, G., Frederiks, A.D., van Erp, J.B.F., Heylen, D.K.J.: Simulating affective touch: using a vibrotactile array to generate pleasant stroking sensations. In: Bello, F., Kajimoto, H., Visell, Y. (eds.) EuroHaptics 2016. LNCS, vol. 9775, pp. 240–250. Springer, Cham (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-42324-1_24
Huisman, G., Darriba Frederiks, A., van Dijk, B., Hevlen, D., Krose, B.: The TaSST: tactile sleeve for social touch. In: 2013 World Haptics Conference (WHC), 14–17 April 2013, pp. 211–216. IEEE (2013)
Culbertson, H., Nunez, C.M., Israr, A., Lau, F., Abnousi, F., Okamura, A.M.: A social haptic device to create continuous lateral motion using sequential normal indentation. In: IEEE Haptics Symposium (HAPTICS), vol. 2018, pp. 32–39. IEEE (2018)
Arduino: Arduino Mega 2560 Rev3 datasheet: specifications. https://arduino.cc
van Stralen, H.E., van Zandvoort, M.J.E., Hoppenbrouwers, S.S., Vissers, L.M.G., Kappelle, L.J., Dijkerman, H.C.: Affective touch modulates the rubber hand illusion. Cognition 131(1), 147–158 (2014)
Crucianelli, L., Krahé, C., Jenkinson, P.M., Fotopoulou, A.K.: Interoceptive ingredients of body ownership: affective touch and cardiac awareness in the rubber hand illusion. Cortex 104, 180–192 (2018)
Likert, R.: A technique for the measurement of attitudes. Arch. Psychol. 140, 5–55 (1932)
Shukla, J., Barreda-Angeles, M., Oliver, J., Nandi, G., Puig, D.: Feature extraction and selection for emotion recognition from electrodermal activity. IEEE Trans. Affect. Comput. 12(4), 857–869 (2019)
Essick, G.K., James, A., McGlone, F.P.: Psychophysical assessment of the affective components of non-painful touch. NeuroReport 10(10), 2083–2087 (1999)
Crucianelli, L., Metcalf, N.K., Fotopoulou, A.K., Jenkinson, P.M.: Bodily pleasure matters: velocity of touch modulates body ownership during the rubber hand illusion. Front. Psychol. 4, 703 (2013)
Vallbo, A.B., Olausson, H., Wessberg, J.: Unmyelinated afferents constitute a second system coding tactile stimuli of the human hairy skin. J. Neurophysiol. 81(6), 2753–2763 (1999)
Nordin, M.: Low-threshold mechanoreceptive and nociceptive units with unmyelinated (C) fibres in the human supraorbital nerve. J. Physiol. 426, 229–240 (1990)
Biggs, J., Srinivasan, M.: Tangential versus normal displacements of skin: relative effectiveness for producing tactile sensations. In: Proceedings 10th Symposium on Haptic Interfaces for Virtual Environment and Teleoperator Systems, HAPTICS 2002, pp. 121–128 (2002)
Actuonix Motion Devices Inc.: PQ-12 datasheet: Specifications. Victoria BC (2016). www.actuonix.com
Acknowledgments
This work received support from the Mercator Research Center Ruhr (MERCUR) (Grant Number: An-2019-0032). The support by the Mercator Research Center Ruhr is acknowledged.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2023 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Ferguson, N., Cansev, M.E., Dwivedi, A., Beckerle, P. (2023). Design of a Wearable Haptic Device to Mediate Affective Touch with a Matrix of Linear Actuators. In: Valle, M., et al. Advances in System-Integrated Intelligence. SYSINT 2022. Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, vol 546. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-16281-7_48
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-16281-7_48
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-031-16280-0
Online ISBN: 978-3-031-16281-7
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)