Abstract
Climate change and environmental degradation have become major threats to the well-being of the global population. Buildings account for a significant part of worldwide energy consumption and are thus an essential aspect in moving towards a decarbonized and efficient energy sector. In particular it is important to retrofit existing buildings into net zero energy buildings. Microgrids allow the local integration of renewable energy generation technologies with energy storage and energy demand. In this work, the existing thermal and electrical models of the microgrid in a pilot zone of building C of LNEG campus in Lumiar were integrated, and energy management strategies in which the decision making is based on both models were developed. Two different strategies following a rule-based control approach were developed and tested. In the first one, depending on the state of charge (SOC) of the battery and energy prices, the battery charges with power from the utility grid. The last one builds upon the first one and adds a new control block for the heat pump, which also considers the battery SOC and the energy prices. This control strategy also proved to be the one that led to both the lowest consumption from the utility grid and the lowest energy bill, for most of the studied scenarios, but had the drawback of increasing discomfort in a specific room. The LNEG building was designed according to bioclimatic principles, in articulation with renewable energy systems, since its first stage of conception.
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Fig. 20
The LNEC. South façade (above), East façade (below)
Fig. 21
The atrium: bioclimatic design for daylight and natural ventilation
Fig. 22
Integration of PV in the South Façade, doubling as Trombe walls for winter heating
Fig. 23
LNEC: winter and summer bioclimatic design strategies
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Mendes, A.B.S., Silva, C.S., Guedes, M.C. (2023). Toward NZEB in Public Buildings: Integrated Energy Management Systems of Thermal and Power Networks. In: Sayigh, A. (eds) Towards Net Zero Carbon Emissions in the Building Industry. Innovative Renewable Energy. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-15218-4_13
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