Abstract
Although the term “speech” is generally associated with the motor components of verbal communication, it also denotes the very concept of verbal communication and includes both production and comprehension. At a clinical level, however, “speech disorders” mostly refer to the syndromes produced by disorders of movement of the vocal tract. The present chapter discusses ataxic dysarthria and other disorders of speech associated with cerebellar damage, such as dysprosody, foreign accent syndrome, stuttering and mutism and “covert” articulation deficits. The type and localisation of cerebellar lesions associated with speech disorders will also be discussed.
On theoretical grounds, an interpretation of the cerebellar role in speech production is proposed within the hypothesis of the “internal model” of movement. The cerebellum processes sensory feedback and automatically implements the motor patterns stored in the motor cortex; it compares the movements programmed by the motor cortex with actual movements, resolves any mismatches and, through learning processes, progressively improves performance. The cerebellar properties of timing and sequencing ensure the implementation of the correct sequence of events not only during speech production but also in speech sound/phoneme discrimination.
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Notes
- 1.
In phonetics a stop consonant is the sound produced when the flow of air is completely blocked and then released.
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Silveri, M.C. (2023). Speech Disorders. In: Gruol, D.L., Koibuchi, N., Manto, M., Molinari, M., Schmahmann, J.D., Shen, Y. (eds) Essentials of Cerebellum and Cerebellar Disorders. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-15070-8_71
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