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Adverse Reactions in Renal Function and Electrolytes Associated with Antihypertensive and Antidiabetic Therapy

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Blood Pressure Disorders in Diabetes Mellitus

Part of the book series: Updates in Hypertension and Cardiovascular Protection ((UHCP))

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Abstract

Antihypertensive medications may cause adverse renal functional or electrolyte reactions. Among the wide spectrum of blood pressure lowering drugs, renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS) inhibitors, which are widely used in the treatment of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular, and renal diseases, may cause elevation in baseline serum creatinine and/or serum potassium (K) levels following initiation of RAAS inhibitor therapy. Abnormal values have been defined as an increase in serum creatinine of more than 30% over baseline and serum K > 5.5 mmol/L. Potassium sparing diuretics and some classes of beta-blockers have been reported to cause similar adverse renal functional impairment and/or serum K alterations.

Several therapeutic approaches have been recommended in the treatment of these adverse drug effects, including dose reduction or withdrawal of the offending agent, dietary modification, and administration of K binders.

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  1. Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon

    Adel E. Berbari, Najla A. Daouk & Majida M. Daouk

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Correspondence to Adel E. Berbari .

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  1. American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon

    Adel E. Berbari

  2. University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy

    Giuseppe Mancia

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Berbari, A.E., Daouk, N.A., Daouk, M.M. (2023). Adverse Reactions in Renal Function and Electrolytes Associated with Antihypertensive and Antidiabetic Therapy. In: Berbari, A.E., Mancia, G. (eds) Blood Pressure Disorders in Diabetes Mellitus. Updates in Hypertension and Cardiovascular Protection. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-13009-0_25

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