Abstract
Autoimmune disorders arise from a failure of self-tolerance, or immunologic unresponsiveness to an individual’s own antigens, in genetically susceptible individuals. The mechanisms that result in tissue damage in autoimmune diseases parallel the normal responses of adaptive immunity and may include autoantibodies, immune complexes and/or autoreacting T lymphocytes. The clinical manifestations of autoimmune disorders are extremely varied but tend to be long-lasting and progressive. Immune responses may be directed against a single tissue resulting in organ specific disease such as bullous pemphigoid (BP). In contrast, some autoimmune disorders target a widespread antigens resulting in diseases like systemic lupus erythematous (SLE). We aim to introduce the reader to a better understanding of some common autoimmune diseases, as well as appropriate treatment approaches.
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Abbreviations
- ACLE:
-
Acute cutaneous lupus erythematous
- ANA:
-
Anti-neutrophilic antibody
- BMI:
-
Body mass index
- BP:
-
Bullous Pemphigoid
- BP180:
-
Bullous Pemphigoid Antigen 180
- BP230:
-
Bullous Pemphigoid Antigen 230
- CCLE:
-
Chronic cutaneous lupus erythematosus
- CNS:
-
Central nervous system
- DIF:
-
Direct Immunofluorescence
- DLE:
-
Discoid lupus erythematous
- EM:
-
Erythema Multiforme
- IgE:
-
Immunoglobulin E
- IIF:
-
Indirect Immunofluorescence
- IVIG:
-
Intravenous immunoglobulins
- LE:
-
Lupus erythematous
- LP:
-
Lichen planus
- MAC:
-
Membranolytic attack complex
- PMLE:
-
Polymorphic light eruption
- PV:
-
Pemphigus Vulgaris
- SCLE:
-
Subacute cutaneous lupus erythematous
- SLE:
-
Systemic lupus erythematous
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Jeskey, J., Fill, L., Huq, M., Sarkaria, S., Saab, R., Hostoffer, R. (2022). Autoimmunity. In: Mahmoudi, M. (eds) Absolute Allergy and Immunology Board Review. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-12867-7_19
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