Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Mechanical Behavior of the Skin: Men Versus Women, a Preliminary Analysis

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Computational Science and Its Applications – ICCSA 2022 Workshops (ICCSA 2022)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNCS,volume 13377))

Included in the following conference series:

  • 1635 Accesses

Abstract

In order to numerically simulate the contact between equipment and the skin, it is necessary to have equations that satisfactorily reproduce the mechanical behavior of the skin. Taking into account the variability of the mechanical behavior of the skin, it is desirable that the determination of the coefficients of these same equations and the limits of load application are based on experimental results. The mechanical behavior of the skin depends on the place where the contact occurs, the gender and age of the individual, among other factors, as well as the test parameters used, which makes it difficult to obtain these coefficients and limits. The objective of this study is to verify if it is possible to reproduce the mechanical behavior of the skin by performing the ANOVA approach of the experimental data and verify if the limits of load application in safety and comfort remain stable for a group of individuals. Indentation test that allows to obtain the force vs deformation curve in which the maximum reached is when the maximum pain is reached and where the instant where the pain threshold occurs (pain onset) is also recorded. The test was performed at a specific point on the forearm, with a spherical tip indenter, with a diameter of 5 mm, at a speed of 1 mm/s in eighty (80) healthy subjects, aged between 20 and 28 years, 40 women and 40 men.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 89.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 119.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Notes

  1. 1.

    Perception of Pain: “Unpleasant emotional and sensory experience associated with tissue damage” [18].

References

  1. Mann, W.: Smart Technology For Aging, Disability And Independence: The State Of The Science. Wiley, New York (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Rodrigues, M., et al.: Influência da velocidade de penetracão no limiar da dor à compressão. In: Proceedings of 5o Congresso Nacional de Biomecânica, Espinho, Portugal (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Sanders, J., Goldstein, B., Leotta, D.: Skin response to mechanical stress: adaptation rather than breakdown - a literature review. J. Rehabil. Res. Dev. 32, 214–226 (1995)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Silva, P.: Computational Modelling of a Wearable Ankle-Foot Orthosis For Locomotion Analysis and Comfort Evaluation. Ph.d. thesis, Instituto Superior Técnico (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Silva, P., et al.: Measuring discomfort: from pressure pain threshold to soft tissues deformation. J. Biomech. 45(S1 S576) (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Goonetilleke, R.S.: Designing to minimize discomfort. Ergon. Design 6(3), 12–19 (1988)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Pailler-Mattei, C., Zahouani, H.: In vivo measurements of the elastic mechanical properties of human skin by indentation tests. Med. Eng. Phys. 38(5), 599–606 (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  8. Morgado, L., Teodoro, F., Perdicoulis, T.: Métodos Estatísticos em Ciências Biomédicas. Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila-Real, Portugal (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Tamhane, A., Dunlop, D.: Statistics and Data Analysis: from Elementary to Intermediate. Prentice Hall, New Jersey (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Scheffé, H.: The Analysis of Variance. Wiley, New York (1959)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  11. Jonckheere, A.: A distribution-free k-sample test again ordered alternatives. Biometrika 41, 133–145 (1954)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  12. Terpstra, T.: The asymptotic normality and consistency of kendall’s test against trend, when ties are present in one ranking. Indag. Math. 14(3), 327–333 (1952)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  13. Bewick, V., Cheek, L., Ball, J.: Statistics review 9: analysis of variance. Crit. Care 7, 451–459 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Bewick, V., Cheek, L., Ball, J.: Statistics review 10: further nonparametric method. Crit. Care 8(3), 196–199 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Sprent, P., Smeeton, N.r.e.: Applied Nonparametric Statistical Methods. Chapman & Hall/CRC, London (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Rodrigues, M., Bernardo, V.: Avaliação das propriedades da pele em várias regiões anatómicas. Thesis, Instituto P0litécnico de Setúbal (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  17. Seeley, S.: Anatomia e fisiologia. Lda., Loures, LusoCiência - Edições Técnicas e Cientficas (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Vitor, A., et al.: The psychology of pain: a literature review. RECIIS - Electron. J. Commun. Inf. Innov. Health 2(1), 85–94 (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Teodoro, M.F.: Modeling the interface between user skin and wearable equipment, a case study. In: Abdel Wahab, M. (ed.) Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Numerical Modelling in Engineering. Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, vol. 2, pp. 195–207. Springer, Singapore (2022)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This work was supported by Portuguese funds through the Center of Naval Research (CINAV), Portuguese Naval Academy, Portugal and The Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT), through the Center for Computational and Stochastic Mathematics (CEMAT), University of Lisbon, Portugal, project UID/Multi/04621/2019. The author also aknowledges her colleagues P. Silva and C. Pina by their availability and ideas discussion.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. CINAV, Center of Naval Research, Naval Academy, Portuguese Navy, 2810-001, Almada, Portugal

    M. Filomena Teodoro

  2. CEMAT, Center for Computational and Stochastic Mathematics, Instituto Superior Técnico, Lisbon University, 1048-001, Lisbon, Portugal

    M. Filomena Teodoro

Authors
  1. M. Filomena Teodoro
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to M. Filomena Teodoro .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy

    Osvaldo Gervasi

  2. University of Basilicata, Potenza, Potenza, Italy

    Beniamino Murgante

  3. Østfold University College, Halden, Norway

    Sanjay Misra

  4. University of Minho, Braga, Portugal

    Ana Maria A. C. Rocha

  5. University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy

    Chiara Garau

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2022 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Teodoro, M.F. (2022). Mechanical Behavior of the Skin: Men Versus Women, a Preliminary Analysis. In: Gervasi, O., Murgante, B., Misra, S., Rocha, A.M.A.C., Garau, C. (eds) Computational Science and Its Applications – ICCSA 2022 Workshops. ICCSA 2022. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 13377. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-10536-4_42

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-10536-4_42

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-031-10535-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-031-10536-4

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation