Abstract
Precision nutrition takes advantages of omics technologies allowing investigating genome-wide genetic and epigenetic variants, and the global levels of messenger RNAs, proteins and metabolites, with the final goal to personalize the diet according to the individual’s biological needs, in order to promote healthy aging and reduce the risk of age-related diseases. Nutritional genomics is a broad discipline encompassing nutrigenetics that aims to clarify how individuals respond to nutrients according to their genetic background; nutrigenomics that investigates changes in gene expression levels and the resulting levels of proteins and metabolites induced by dietary factors, and nutriepigenomics that studies the epigenetic changes induced by nutrients. These disciplines provide complementary results to better personalize the diet according to the individual’s integrated metabolism. After describing several examples of nutrigenetics, we will focus on the increasing evidence of interactions between dietary/nutritional factors and the epigenome that starting from the intrauterine life, can regulate gene expression levels and metabolic demands, potentially resulting in disease development later in life.
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Migliore, L., Coppedè, F. (2022). Precision Nutrition from the View of Genetics and Epigenetics. In: Haslberger, A.G. (eds) Advances in Precision Nutrition, Personalization and Healthy Aging. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-10153-3_3
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