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Exercise and Microcirculation in Hypertension

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Exercise, Sports and Hypertension

Part of the book series: Updates in Hypertension and Cardiovascular Protection ((UHCP))

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Abstract

Regulation of skeletal muscle blood flow is a complex process, which involves an integration of multiple mechanisms and a number of vasoactive compounds. Skeletal muscle blood flow may be affected by changes in microvascular structure or function which occur in pathological conditions such as hypertension with subsequent increase in vascular resistance. Exercise training may elicit beneficial effects on skeletal muscle blood flow by inducing favorable microvascular remodeling, capillary angiogenesis, and modulating vasomotor reactivity of small arteries and arterioles. In particular, activation of angiogenic process, with increase in capillary network, seems to have the major influence in ameliorating local blood flow in several tissues including skeletal muscle. Furthermore, phenotypic expression of skeletal muscle fiber type also has powerful influences on vascular structure and function in skeletal muscle, which may influence training-induced vascular adaptations in skeletal muscle. Recently, new approaches in exercise training have highlighted the key role of miRNAs in the modulation of hypertension.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Medicine, Spedali Civili of Brescia, Montichiari, Brescia, Italy

    Damiano Rizzoni

  2. Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy

    Damiano Rizzoni, Claudia Agabiti-Rosei & Carolina de Ciuceis

  3. Clinica Medica, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy

    Damiano Rizzoni

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  1. Studium Patavinum, University of Padova, Padova, Italy

    Paolo Palatini

  2. Dept of Clinical and Experimental Sci, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy

    Enrico Agabiti-Rosei

  3. Emeritus Professor, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy

    Giuseppe Mancia

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Rizzoni, D., Agabiti-Rosei, C., de Ciuceis, C. (2022). Exercise and Microcirculation in Hypertension. In: Palatini, P., Agabiti-Rosei, E., Mancia, G. (eds) Exercise, Sports and Hypertension. Updates in Hypertension and Cardiovascular Protection. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-07958-0_5

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