Skip to main content

Toward the Development of a Planning Protocol for Public Space for Improving Health and Wellbeing of Communities

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
New Metropolitan Perspectives (NMP 2022)

Abstract

In the field of research working on public space planning aimed at increasing the levels of health and well-being of communities, there is a significant experimental body of protocols and guidance. This study aims to identify not only the individual characteristics of the public space that influence health outcomes, already studied in the existing protocols, but also their priorities and relationships, interactions, and effects. The aim of the research is the development of a protocol that provides basic recommendations for urban planners, architects, stakeholders, and politicians interested in the design of public space aimed at pursuing the health and well-being of citizens, at the neighborhood level. We propose an approach to design aimed at increasing health through urban regeneration to considering health not only as one of the elements on which there can be positive repercussions, but as the most important element for urban regeneration for people. For pursuing this scope will be conducted a scoping review approach of protocols, evidence in literature, observations based on improving the outcomes of community health through actions on public space, and interviews to experts. The schematization and discussion of the results of the research, which is still in progress, will represent the framework for defining a planning protocol of the urban public space that affects public health at neighborhood level.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Macintyre, S., Ellaway, E., Cummins, S.: Place effects on health: how can we conceptualise, operationalize, and measure them? Soc. Sci. Med. 55, 125–139 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Meade, M.S., Earickson, R.: [BOOK REVIEW] medical geography. Soc. Sci. Med. 54(6), 998–999 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Giannantoni, G.: Il primo libro della “Repubblica” di Platone. Rivista critica di storia della filosofia 12(2), 123–145 (1957)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Emery, N.: Progettare, costruire, curare. Per una deontologia dell’architettura, Edizioni Casagrande s.a., Bellinzona, 1st edn. 2007 (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Corbun, J.: City planning as preventive medicine. Prev. Med. 77, 48–51 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Rosen, G.: A history of Public Health. The Johns Hopkins University Press (1993)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Hamling, C., Sheard, S.: Revolutions in public health: 1848, and 1998? BMJ (1998)

    Google Scholar 

  8. Rao, M., Prasad, S., Adshead, F., Tissera, H.: The built environment and health. Lancet 370(9593), 1111–1113 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Faggioli, A., Capasso, L.: Inconsistencies between building regulations in force in Italy for indoor environment and wellness factors. Annali di igiene: medicina preventiva e di comunità 27(1), 74–81 (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Ludwig, J., et al.: Neighborhood effects on the long-term well-being of low-income adults. Science 337(6101), 1535–1510 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Roux, A.V.D.: Neighborhoods and health: what do we know? What should we do? Am. J. Public Health 106(3), 430 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Jones, K., Moon, G.: Medical geography: taking space seriously. Prog. Hum. Geogr. 17(4), 515–524 (1993)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Kearns, R.A., Joseph, A.E.: Space in its place: developing the link in medical geography. Soc. Sci. Med. 37(6), 711–717 (1993)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Macintyre, S., Maciver, S., Sooman, A.: Area, class and health: should we be focusing on places or people? J. Soc. Policy 22(2), 213–234 (1993)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Duncan, D.T., Kawachi, I.: Neighborhood and Health, 2nd edn. Oxford University Press, New York (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Dannenberg, A.L., Frumkin, H., Jackson, J.: Making Healthy Places: Designing and Building for Health, Well-Being, and Sustainability. Island Press, Washington, DC (2011)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  17. World Health Organization, Urban population growth (2018). http://www.who.int/gho/urban_health/situation_trends/urban_population_growth_text/en/. Accessed 26 June 2019

  18. Penno, G., et al.: Hemoglobin A 1c variability as an independent correlate of cardiovascular disease in patients with type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional analysis of the Renal Insufficiency and Cardiovascular Events (RIACE) Italian multicenter study. Cardiovasc. Diabetolo.  12(1), 1–13 (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Barton, H., Grant, M.: A health map for the human habitat. J. R. Soc. Promotion Health 126(6), 252–261 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1177/1466424006070466. Accessed on 22 July 2019

  20. World Health Organization Measuring health gains from sustainable development. Sustainable cities, food, jobs, water, energy, disaster management. Public Health & Environment Department (PHE) Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization (2012). http://www.who.int/hia/green_economy/sustainable_development_summary2.pdf?ua=1. Accessed July 2019

  21. Wang, H., Naghavi, M., Allen, C.: Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015. Lance 388, 1459–1544 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Kelly, M., Morgan, A., Ellis, S., Younger, T., Huntley, J., Swann, C.: Evidence based public health: a review of the experience of the National Institute of Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) of developing public health guidance in England. Soc. Sci. Med. 71(6), 1056–1062 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Marmot, M., Allen, J., Bell, R., Bloomer, E., Goldblatt, P.: WHO European review of social determinants of health and the health divide. Lancet 380(9846), 1011–1029 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. McLeroy, K.R., Bibeau, D., Steckler, A., Glanz, K.: An ecological perspective on health promotion programs. Health Educ. Q. 15(4), 351–377 (1988)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. INU Carta dello spazio pubblico (2013). http://www.biennalespaziopubblico.it/wpcontent/uploads/2016/12/CARTA_SPAZIO_PUBBLICO.pdf. Accessed June 2020

  26. Gehl, J.: Cities for People. Island Press (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  27. Gehl Institute, Inclusive healthy places. A Guide to Inclusion & Health in Public Space: Learning Globally to Transform Locally (2018). https://gehlinstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/Inclusive-Healthy-Places_Gehl-Institute.pdf. Accessed Mar 2021

  28. Best, A., Stokols, D., Green, L., Scott, L., Holmes, B., Buchholz, K.: An integrative framework for community partnering to translate theory into effective health promotion strategy. Am. J. Health Promot. AJHP 18, 168–176 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Pham, M.T., Rajić, A., Greig, J.D., Sargeant, J.M., Papadopoulos, A., McEwen, S.A.: A scoping review of scoping reviews: advancing the approach and enhancing the consistency. Res. Synth. Methods 5(4), 371–385 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Higueras, E., Román, E., Fariña, J.: Guidelines for healthier public spaces for the elderly population: recommendations in the Spanish context. In: Martinez, J., Mikkelsen, C.A., Phillips, R. (eds.) Handbook of Quality of Life and Sustainability. International Handbooks of Quality-of-Life, pp. 35–51. Springer, Cham (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-50540-0_3

  31. De Jong, M.A., Wagemakers, A., Koelen, M.A.: Study protocol: evaluation of a community health promotion program in a socioeconomically deprived city district in the Netherlands using mixed methods and guided by action research. BMC Public Health 19(1), 1–11 (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  32. Gehl Institute: The Open Public Life Protocol (2017). https://gehlinstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/PLDP_BETA-20170927-Final.pdf. Accessed Mar 2021

  33. NHS London Healthy Urban Development Unit Healthy urban planning checklist (2014). https://www.healthyurbandevelopment.nhs.uk/wpcontent/uploads/2014/04/Healthy-Urban-Planning-Checklist-March-2014.pdf. Accessed Apr 2021

  34. World Health Organization Health as the pulse of the new urban agenda (2016). https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241511445. Accessed Apr 2020

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Concetta Fallanca .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2022 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Fallanca, C., Stagno, E. (2022). Toward the Development of a Planning Protocol for Public Space for Improving Health and Wellbeing of Communities. In: Calabrò, F., Della Spina, L., Piñeira Mantiñán, M.J. (eds) New Metropolitan Perspectives. NMP 2022. Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, vol 482. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-06825-6_52

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics