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Breast Tumors in Adolescents/Children and Males

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A Comprehensive Guide to Core Needle Biopsies of the Breast

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Abstract

Although uncommon, breast tumors in the pediatric population and adult men are occasionally the target of core needle biopsies (CNBs). Breast lesions in children and adolescence are rare, and more than 95% of all breast lesions occurring in this age group are benign or associated with breast development and should be managed conservatively. Surgical excision can affect the developing breast bud and should be used only in a limited number of cases. CNB should be considered in the rare event of abnormal imaging findings. CNB is highly accurate and avoids irreparable damage in pediatric patients.

In males of all ages, gynecomastia is the most common cause of a breast mass. Atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH) and ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) are rarely secondarily discovered during the pathologic evaluation of gynecomastia. In adult males, breast cancer is not an inconsequential cause of morbidity and mortality, often due to delay in diagnosis because of limited awareness of the disease compared to female patients.

This chapter discusses the clinical and histopathologic features of entities more frequently found in children, adolescents, and adult men which may be evaluated initially by CNB. Features of fibroadenomas occurring in the pediatric population are presented. While phyllodes tumors and mesenchymal tumors (fibromatosis and myofibroblastoma) can occasionally occur in these patients, they are described in detail according to their histopathologic classification elsewhere. Gynecomastia, a disorder that exclusively occurs in males, is discussed.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA

    Melinda E. Sanders

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  1. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA

    Sandra J. Shin

  2. Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA

    Yunn-Yi Chen

  3. Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA

    Paula S. Ginter

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Sanders, M.E. (2022). Breast Tumors in Adolescents/Children and Males. In: Shin, S.J., Chen, YY., Ginter, P.S. (eds) A Comprehensive Guide to Core Needle Biopsies of the Breast . Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-05532-4_18

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