Abstract
Nowadays, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) are widely used in a variety of fields, especially in military and industrial applications. However, the usage of a single UAV has begun to be insufficient in most missions. A single UAV may not complete its mission in cases of rapid depletion of its batteries, limited field of view, long-term performance of a task, a fall or a malfunction in the system due to an external effect. In such cases, Flying Ad Hoc Networks (FANETs) that allow more than one UAV to participate in a common network and execute complex tasks in an organized manner is recommended. However, FANETS are target of attacks due to being used in critical applications. Moreover, they are vulnerable to a variety of attacks due to their very nature and the cooperative routing protocols they use. Moreover, FANETs requires new security solutions or adaptation of existing security solutions of Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs), since it has much higher mobility than MANETs. Since mobility could affect security in different ways, at first attacks against FANETs should be analyzed. This is the main aim of this study. In this paper, various attacks against FANETs, namely dropping, blackhole, sinkhole, flooding attacks are analyzed. This is the first study that presents a comprehensive attack analysis in FANETs by simulating realistic network scenarios, where UAVs move in 3D as in real life.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Abraham, S., Meylan, A., Nanda, S.: 802.11n MAC design and system performance. In: IEEE International Conference on Communications, vol. 5, pp. 2957–2961. IEEE (2005). https://doi.org/10.1109/icc.2005.1494932
Akram, R.N., et al.: Security, privacy and safety evaluation of dynamic and static fleets of drones. In: 2017 IEEE/AIAA 36th Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC), pp. 1–12 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1109/DASC.2017.8101984
Altawy, R., Youssef, A.M.: Security, privacy, and safety aspects of civilian drones: a survey. ACM Trans. Cyber-Phys. Syst. 1(2), 1–25 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1145/3001836
Bekmezci, I., Sahingoz, O.K., Temel, S.: Flying AD-HOC networks (FANETS): a survey. AD Hoc Networks 11(3), 1254–1270 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adhoc.2012.12.004
Bekmezci, I., Şentürk, E., Türker, T.: Security issues in flying AD-HOC networks (FANETS). J. Aero. Space Technol. 9(2), 13–21 (2016). http://jast.hezarfen.msu.edu.tr/index.php/JAST/article/view/32
Bhatia, V., Walia, E., Singla, P.: VANET and FANET under the impact of the security attack. Int. J. Innov. Technol. Explor. Eng. 8(9), 390–397 (2019). https://doi.org/10.35940/ijitee.I1062.0789S19
Broyles, D., Jabbar, A., Sterbenz, J.P.: Design and analysis of a 3-D gauss-markov mobility model for highly dynamic airborne networks. In: Proceedings of the International Telemetering Conference, p. 46 January 2010
Condomines, J.P., Zhang, R., Larrieu, N.: Network intrusion detection system for UAV AD-HOC communication: from methodology design to real test validation. Ad Hoc Networks 90, 101759 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adhoc.2018.09.004
Dokurer, S., Erten, Y.M., Acar, C.E.: Performance analysis of ad-hoc networks under black hole attacks. In: Conference Proceedings of IEEE SOUTHEASTCON, pp. 148–153 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1109/SECON.2007.342872
El-Semary, A.M., Diab, H.: BP-AODV: blackhole protected AODV routing protocol for MANETs based on chaotic map. IEEE Access 7, 95197–95211 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2928804
Jain, A.K., Tokekar, V.: Mitigating the effects of Black hole attacks on AODV routing protocol in mobile AD Hoc networks. In: 2015 International Conference on Pervasive Computing ICPC 2015 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1109/PERVASIVE.2015.7087174
Ladosz, P., Oh, H., Chen, W.H.: Optimal positioning of communication relay unmanned aerial vehicles in urban environments. In: 2016 International Conference on Unmanned Aircraft Systems (ICUAS), pp. 1140–1147 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1109/ICUAS.2016.7502562
Mahmud, I., Cho, Y.Z.: Adaptive hello interval in FANET routing protocols for green UAVs. IEEE Access 7, 63004–63015 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2917075
Maxa, J.a., Mahmoud, M.s.B., Larrieu, N.: Extended Verification of Secure UAANET Routing Protocol To cite this version : HAL Id : hal-01365933 Extended Verification of Secure UAANET Routing Protocol (2016)
Ning, P., Sun, K.: How to misuse AODV: a case study of insider attacks against mobile ad-hoc routing protocols. Ad Hoc Networks 3(6), 795–819 (2005)
The ns-3 network simulator (2021). http://www.nsnam.org/
Ochola, E.O., Mejaele, L.F., Eloff, M.M., Van Der Poll, J.A.: Manet reactive routing protocols node mobility variation effect in analysing the impact of black hole attack. SAIEE Africa Res. J. 108(2), 80–92 (2017). https://doi.org/10.23919/saiee.2017.8531629
Perkings, C., Belding-Royer, E., Das, S.: Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) Routing. Ietf Rfc 3561 (2003)
Praveen, K.S., Gururaj, H.L., Ramesh, B.: Comparative analysis of black hole attack in Ad Hoc network using AODV and OLSR Protocols. Proc. Comput. Sci. 85, 325–330 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2016.05.240
Sahingoz, O.K.: Networking models in flying AD-HOC networks (FANETS): concepts and challenges. J. Intell. Robot. Syst. 74(1), 513–527 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10846-013-9959-7
Sen, J., Koilakonda, S., Ukil, A.: A mechanism for detection of cooperative black hole attack in mobile AD Hoc networks. In: Proceedings - 2011 2nd International Conference on Intelligent Systems, Modelling and Simulation, ISMS 2011, pp. 338–343 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1109/ISMS.2011.58
Shumeye Lakew, D., Sa’Ad, U., Dao, N.N., Na, W., Cho, S.: Routing in flying Ad Hoc networks: a comprehensive survey. IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutorials 22(2), 1071–1120 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1109/COMST.2020.2982452
Tan, X., Zuo, Z., Su, S., Guo, X., Sun, X.: Research of security routing protocol for UAV communication network based on AODV. Electronics 9(8), 1–18 (2020). https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics9081185
Walia, E., Bhatia, V., Kaur, G.: Detection of malicious nodes in flying Ad-HOC networks (FANET). Int. J. Electron. Commun. Eng. 5(9), 6–12 (2018). https://doi.org/10.14445/23488549/ijece-v5i9p102
Xu, Z., Huo, J., Wang, Y., Yuan, J., Shan, X., Feng, Z.: Analyzing two connectivities in UAV-ground mobile AD HOC networks. In: 2011 IEEE International Conference on Computer Science and Automation Engineering, vol. 2, pp. 158–162 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1109/CSAE.2011.5952445
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2022 ICST Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering
About this paper
Cite this paper
Ceviz, O., Sadioglu, P., Sen, S. (2022). Analysis of Routing Attacks in FANETs. In: Bao, W., Yuan, X., Gao, L., Luan, T.H., Choi, D.B.J. (eds) Ad Hoc Networks and Tools for IT. ADHOCNETS TridentCom 2021 2021. Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering, vol 428. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-98005-4_1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-98005-4_1
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-98004-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-98005-4
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)