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Fern Fatty Acids: From Diversity to Dietary Value

  • Living reference work entry
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Bioactive Compounds in Bryophytes and Pteridophytes

Part of the book series: Reference Series in Phytochemistry ((RSP))

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Abstract

Fatty acids are essential components of all living cells and play vital functions in plant and animal organisms. Literature data demonstrate a diverse set of fatty acids in ferns: about 90 structures of fatty acids have been reported for ferns so far. From their ancestors, ferns inherited long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, like arachidonic and eicosapentaenoic acids, which are rare or completely absent in the evolutionarily later lineages of gymnosperms and angiosperms. These fatty acids are valuable nutrients for humans making ferns their potential sources. The review summarizes different aspects of fatty acids in ferns (class Polypodiopsida): structural diversity, distribution in complex lipids, developmental and organ specificity, and ecological and environmental factors affecting fatty acid composition and content. The biosynthesis of fatty acids in ferns is poorly investigated, however, and can be deduced from the data established for other plant groups. Finally, the nutritional value of ferns as dietary sources of the long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and some other practical applications of fern fatty acids are considered.

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Abbreviations

ACP:

Acyl-carrier protein

ARA:

Arachidonic acid (20:4n-6)

DGDG:

Digalactosyldiacylglycerol

DGTS:

Diacylglyceryltrimethylhomoserine

DHA:

Docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3)

DW:

Dry weight

EPA:

Eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n-3)

FAD:

Fatty acid desaturase

LC-PUFA:

Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid

MGDG:

Monogalactosyldiacylglycerol

PC:

Phosphatidylcholine

PG:

Phosphatidylglycerol

PE:

Phosphatidylethanolamine

PI:

Phosphatidylinositol

PS:

Phosphatidylserine

PUFA:

Polyunsaturated fatty acid

SQDG:

Sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol

TG:

Triacylglycerol

WW:

Wet weight

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Acknowledgments

This work was financed by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (Project No. 122040800086-1).

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  1. Amur Branch, Botanical Garden-Institute of the Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Blagoveshchensk, Russia

    Eduard V. Nekrasov

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    Hosakatte Niranjana Murthy

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Nekrasov, E.V. (2022). Fern Fatty Acids: From Diversity to Dietary Value. In: Murthy, H.N. (eds) Bioactive Compounds in Bryophytes and Pteridophytes. Reference Series in Phytochemistry. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-97415-2_27-1

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