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The Myriad Ways Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) Alters Tight Junctions

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Tight Junctions

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Abstract

Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) is considered one of the most important enteric pathogens infecting children and one of the main causes of diarrhea worldwide. EPEC uses a type 3 secretion system (T3SS) to inject effector proteins into host intestinal epithelial cells, causing diarrhea. Through a coordinated action of virulence factors, EPEC translocates effectors into host cells, resulting in the perturbation of cellular structures and functions by altering cell signaling pathways. Epithelial cells are held together by apical junctional complexes, including tight junctions (TJs), adherens junctions (AJs), and desmosomes. TJs contribute to the establishment of barrier function and maintenance of apico-basal cell polarity. TJ integrity relies on several cell structures and functions including the actin cytoskeleton, microtubule networks, membrane integrity, inflammation, and cell survival. EPEC perturbs TJ structure and function, leading to impairment of the intestinal barrier. This chapter summarizes the various mechanisms employed by EPEC that contribute to TJ disruption.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA

    Rocio Tapia & Gail Hecht

  2. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA

    Gail Hecht

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  1. Rocio Tapia
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  2. Gail Hecht
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Correspondence to Gail Hecht .

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  1. Department of Physiology, Biophysics, and Neuroscience, Center for Research and Advance Studies (Cinvestav), Mexico City, Mexico

    Lorenza González-Mariscal

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Tapia, R., Hecht, G. (2022). The Myriad Ways Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) Alters Tight Junctions. In: González-Mariscal, L. (eds) Tight Junctions. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-97204-2_7

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