Skip to main content

DIA4K12: Framework for Managing then Teaching-Learning of Artificial Intelligence at Early Ages

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Information Technology and Systems (ICITS 2022)

Abstract

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is intervening positively in educations. UNESCO considers as a new vision to involve AI not only as a didactic medium but also as a science in which children can develop their intellect, through workshops, courses, and curricula focused on the fundamentals of AI, allowing them to develop skills such as computational and critical thinking. This research aims to design the DIA4K12 framework, which proposes the structure to support the teaching-learning process of AI in primary and secondary education. The core of the framework consists of four phases: planning, execution, process, and development; three components: open educational resources, K-12 curriculum and active methodologies; five sublevels: logical reasoning, computational thinking, and disconnected artificial intelligence, mathematics for AI, programming and machine learning; and three transversal axes: communities (communities of practice), open license (creative commons) and ethics. Finally, the framework was applied to a case study in the context of the Ecuadorian General Basic Education curriculum for the subject of Mathematics, using three phases, three components, and two sublevels.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 229.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 299.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Niebles, J.C.: Inteligencia artificial en todo y para todos. Revista Digital Universitaria 21(1), 5 (2020). https://doi.org/10.22201/codeic.16076079e.2020.v21n1.a5

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Turing, A.M.: Computing machinery and intelligence. Mind LIX(236), 433–460 (1950). https://doi.org/10.1093/mind/LIX.236.433

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  3. Papert, S., Solomon, C.: Twenty things to do with a computer. Artificial intelligence memo number 248. Educational Technology 12, 41 (1971)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Solomon, C., et al.: History of logo. Proc. ACM Program. Lang. 4, 1–66 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1145/3386329

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Kahn, K.: Three Interactions between Al and Education (1977)

    Google Scholar 

  6. La Inteligencia Artificial en la Educación. https://es.unesco.org/themes/tic-educacion/inteligencia-artificial

  7. Sánchez Guzmán, D.: Industria y educación 4.0 en México: un estudio exploratorio. Innovación Educativa 19, 39–63 (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  8. UNESCO: Consenso de Beijing sobre la inteligencia artificial y la educación (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Jara, I., Ochoa, J.M.: Usos y efectos de la inteligencia artificial en educación (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  10. WEF: The Future of Jobs Report 2018 (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Miao, F., Fan, H.: International Conference on Artificial Intelligence: Planning Education in the AI Era: Lead the Leap, París (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Chiu, T.K.F., Chai, C.-S.: Sustainable curriculum planning for artificial intelligence education: a self-determination theory perspective. Sustainability 12(14), 5568 (2020). https://doi.org/10.3390/su12145568

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Moon, J., Do, J., Lee, D., Choi, G.W.: A conceptual framework for teaching computational thinking in personalized OERs. Smart Learn. Environ. 7(1), 1–19 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40561-019-0108-z

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Bocconi, S., et al.: El Pensamiento Computacional en la enseñanza obligatoria: Implicaciones para la política y la práctica. In: Proceedings of the EdMedia 2016 Conference, pp. 1–7 (2016). https://doi.org/10.2791/792158

  15. Gonzalez Zarza, M., Holgado García, J.: Competence of computational thinking in non-formal education. EDUTEC. Revista Electrónica de Tecnología Educativa. 72, 68–87 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Lindner, A., Seegerer, S., Romeike, R.: Unplugged activities in the context of AI. In: Pozdniakov, S.N., Dagienė, V. (eds.) ISSEP 2019. LNCS, vol. 11913, pp. 123–135. Springer, Cham (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-33759-9_10

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  17. Van Brummelen, J., Shen, J.H., Patton, E.W.: The Popstar, the poet, and the Grinch: relating artificial intelligence to the computational thinking framework with block-based coding. In: Proceedings of International Conference on Computational Thinking Education, pp. 160–161 (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Gadanidis, G.: Artificial intelligence, computational thinking, and mathematics education. Int. J. Inf. Learn. Technol. 34, 133–139 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1108/IJILT-09-2016-0048

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Kahn, K., Megasari, R., Piantari, E., Junaeti, E.: AI programming by children using snap! Block programming in a developing country. In: CEUR Workshop Proceedings, pp. 1–14 (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  20. Currículo de los Niveles de Educación Obligatoria de Ecuador. Ministerio de Educación. https://educacion.gob.ec/curriculo/

  21. Agenda Educativa Digital Ecuador. Ministerio de Educación. https://educacion.gob.ec/agenda-educativa-digital/

  22. CSTA: “CSTA K-12 Computer Science Standards.” 1–43 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  23. Chamba-Eras, L., et al.: Revisión Sistemática: Estado Actual de la Enseñanza y Aprendizaje de la Inteligencia Artificial en Primaria y Secundaria. In: International Conference in Information Technology and Education, pp. 1–10. Fafe/Braga (2021)

    Google Scholar 

  24. Rodríguez-García, J.D., Moreno-León, J., Román-González, M., Robles, G.: LearningML: a tool to foster computational thinking skills through practical artificial intelligence projects. Revista de Educación a Distancia 20, 1–37 (2020). https://doi.org/10.6018/red.410121

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Touretzky, D., Martin, F., Seehorn, D., Breazeal, C., Posner, T.: Special session: AI for K-12 guidelines initiative. In: SIGCSE 2019 – Proceedings of the 50th ACM Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education, pp. 492–493. Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA (2019). https://doi.org/10.1145/3287324.3287525

  26. Manining, M.A., Soon Singh, A., Bikar Singh, L.: Development of geobot games in teaching and facilitation of form four geographical skills topics. Malaysian J. Soc. Sci. Human. 6(6), 276–288 (2021). https://doi.org/10.47405/mjssh.v6i6.820

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Van Brummelen, J., Heng, T., Tabunshchyk, V.: Teaching Tech to Talk: K-12 Conversational Artificial Intelligence Literacy Curriculum and Development Tools. arXiv. 1–8 (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  28. Van Brummelen, J.: Tools to Create and Democratize Conversational Artificial Intelligence (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  29. Touretzky, D., Gardner-McCune, C., Breazeal, C., Martin, F., Seehorn, D.: A year in K-12 AI education. AI Mag. 40, 88–90 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1609/aimag.v40i4.5289

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Lívia, S., Von Christiane, G., Hauck, J.C.R.: Teaching machine learning in school: a systematic mapping of the state of the art. Inform. Educ. 19, 283–321 (2020). https://doi.org/10.15388/infedu.2020.14

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Temitayo Sanusi, I., Sunday Oyelere, S.: Pedagogies of Machine learning in K-12 context. In: Proceedings – Frontiers in Education Conference, FIE, October 1–8 (2020) https://doi.org/10.1109/FIE44824.2020.9274129

Download references

Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank to “Corporación Ecuatoriana para el Desarrollo de la Investigación y Academia – CEDIA” for the financial support given to the present research, development, and innovation work through its CEPRA program, especially for the “Democratización del aprendizaje de la inteligencia artificial desde edades tempranas en Ecuador” fund. On the other hand, we acknowledge the support of the institutions “Universidad Nacional de Loja”, “Universidad Estatal de Bolívar”, “Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja”, “Universidad Internacional del Ecuador”, “Unidad Educativa Santa Mariana de Jesús-Loja”, “Instituto Superior Tecnológico Daniel Álvarez Burneo”, “Ministerio de Educación Zona 7”.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Milton Labanda-Jaramillo .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2022 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Labanda-Jaramillo, M., Chamba-Eras, L., Erreyes-Pinzon, D., Chamba-Eras, I., Orellana-Malla, A. (2022). DIA4K12: Framework for Managing then Teaching-Learning of Artificial Intelligence at Early Ages. In: Rocha, Á., Ferrás, C., Méndez Porras, A., Jimenez Delgado, E. (eds) Information Technology and Systems. ICITS 2022. Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, vol 414. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-96293-7_36

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics