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Crop Plants Under Metal Stress and Its Remediation

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Plant Stress: Challenges and Management in the New Decade

Part of the book series: Advances in Science, Technology & Innovation ((ASTI))

Abstract

Soil contamination with heavy metals is a huge concern now. Agricultural soils in the world are slight to moderately affected by heavy metal toxicity. Heavy metals such as cadmium, arsenic, chromium, lead, mercury, and iron are highly toxic and increased accumulation can lead to degradation of the ecosystem. A higher concentration of heavy metals in agricultural soils has tremendous detrimental effects on plant growth and food safety. The primary hazard in plants exposed to these metals lie in oxidative damage due to their ability to produce reactive oxygen species which consequently cause lipid peroxidation, enzyme inactivation, damage to cellular organelles, and DNA. Unfortunately, metals such as mercury, cadmium, lead, iron, etc. are essential for plant growth, but excess of them triggers oxidative damage in the plant. The prime objective of this chapter is to discuss the effects of heavy metals on plant growth, development and yield and to summarize the economical and eco-friendly remediation measures that increase the tolerance of plants to heavy metals.

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Abbreviations

APX:

Ascorbate peroxidase

CAT:

Catalase

CEC:

Cation exchange capacity

DAP:

Di-ammonium phosphate

DOC:

Dissolved organic carbon

DTPA:

Diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid

GR:

Glutathione reductase

H2O2:

Hydrogen peroxide

O2−:

Superoxide radical

OH−:

Hydroxyl radical

OM:

Organic matter

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species (ROS)

SOD:

Superoxide dismutase (SOD)

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    Authors and Affiliations

    1. Department of Environmental Science, Tezpur University, Assam, 784028, India

      Banashree Sarma & Nirmali Gogoi

    2. Department of Energy, Tezpur University, Assam, 784028, India

      Lina Gogoi & Rupam Kataki

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    1. Banashree Sarma
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    1. Department of Botany, University of North Bengal, Siliguri, India

      Swarnendu Roy

    2. Department of Botany, University of North Bengal, Siliguri, India

      Piyush Mathur

    3. Department of Botany, Raiganj University, Raiganj, India

      Arka Pratim Chakraborty

    4. Department of Microbiology, University of North Bengal, Siliguri, India

      Shyama Prasad Saha

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    Sarma, B., Gogoi, L., Gogoi, N., Kataki, R. (2022). Crop Plants Under Metal Stress and Its Remediation. In: Roy, S., Mathur, P., Chakraborty, A.P., Saha, S.P. (eds) Plant Stress: Challenges and Management in the New Decade. Advances in Science, Technology & Innovation. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-95365-2_3

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