Abstract
This chapter explores some of the geopolitical transformations that Singapore and the UAE pursue by implementing so-called education hub projects. Education hubs have become known as a model for policy making, particularly to reform local higher education sectors to generate economic and social progress. As such, it currently gains prominence in policy circles, particularly in Asia. However, the politico-economic and cultural-diplomatic aspects of education hubs remain understudied, including their implications for higher education policy. This chapter adds to existing research by drawing from a Critical Discourse Analysis of 98 policy documents and 18 semi-structured interviews. Thereby, it explores how Singapore’s and the UAE’s education hub projects emerged over time and discusses some of the socio-political conditions that lead to their implementation. It discusses that governments primarily adopted the approach to play a more important role in competition. Further, the pursued geopolitical transformations create a politicized environment for the mainly American, Australian, and British universities operating in education hubs in which they are both central subjects and objects of diplomacy and commerce. This, in particular, is a crucial yet understudied aspect of higher education’s recent global expansion. In education hubs, universities need to act highly strategically concerning their contribution to their social and political environments. Arguably, this leads to compromises with ramifications for students, faculties, and universities as such, but also the societies in which they operate in terms of development and beyond.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Acemoglu, D., & Robinson, J. (2008). The role of institutions in growth and development. The World Bank.
Acemoglu, D., Naidu, S., Restrepo, P., & Robinson, J. (2014). Democracy does cause growth. National Bureau of Economic Research. http://www.nber.org/papers/w20004
Altbach, P. G., & Salmi, J. (Eds.). (2011). The road to academic excellence. The making of world-class research universities. The World Bank. http://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/688061468337210820/pdf/The-road-to-academic-excellence-the-making-of-world-class-research-universities.pdf
Bachmann, V., & Toal, G. (2019). Geopolitics—Thick and complex. A conversation with Gerard Toal. Erdkunde, 73(2), 143–155.
Badia-Miro, M., Pinilla, V., & Willebald, H. (2015). Natural resources and economic growth. Learning from history. Routledge.
Barbier, E. B. (2003). The role of natural resources in economic development. Australian Economic Papers, 42(2), 253–272.
Barr, M. D. (2014). The ruling elite of Singapore. Networks of power and influence. The Research Institute on Contemporary South East Asia & I.B. Tauris.
Barr, M. D. (2018). Singapore. A modern history. I.B. Tauris.
Bartlett, L., & Vavrus, F. (2017). Rethinking case study research. A comparative approach. Routledge.
British Council. (2013). The shape of things to come. The evolution of transnational education: Data, definitions, opportunities and impacts analysis. Britich Council.
Chang, H.-J. (2010). Institutions and economic development: Theory, policy and history. Journal of Institutional Economics, 7(4), 473–498.
Erfurth, M. (2019). International education hubs as competitive advantage: Investigating the role of the state as power connector in the global education industry. In M. P. do Amaral, G. Steiner-Khamsi, & C. Thompson (Eds.), Researching the global education industry (pp. 181–202). Palgrave Macmillan.
European Parliament. (2020). The enlargement of the union [Factsheet]. European Parliament. https://www.europarl.europa.eu/ftu/pdf/en/FTU_5.5.1.pdf
EY Parthenon. (2019). Going global in higher education. International branch campuses across emerging markets. EY Parthenon.
Fairclough, N. (2003). Analysing discourse. Textual analysis for social research. Routledge.
Fisch, S. (2015). Geschichte der Europäischen Universität. Von Bologna nach Bologna. Verlag C.H.Beck.
Gerring, J., Bond, P., Barndt, W., & Moreno, C. (2005). Democracy and economic growth: A historical perspective. World Politics, 57(3), 323–364.
Godin, B. (2005). The knowledge-based economy: Conceptual framework or buzzword? Journal of Technology Transfer, 31, 17–30.
Henderson, J. (2012). Planning for success: Singapore, the model city-state? Journal of International Affairs, 65(2), 69–83.
Hvidt, M. (2011). Economic and institutional reforms in the Arab Gulf countries. Middle East Journal, 65(1), 85–102.
Jessop, B., Fairclough, N., & Wodak, R. (Eds.). (2008). Education and the knowledge-based economy in Europe. Sense Publishers.
Jones, C. W. (2017). Bedouins into Bourgeois. Remaking citizens for globalization. Cambridge University Press.
Klafki, W. (2019). Vernunft – Erziehung – Demokratie. In W. Klafki (Ed.), Allgemeine Erziehungswissenschaft. Systematische und historische Abhandlungen (pp. 155–176). Springer.
Kleibert, J. M., Bobée, A., Rottleb, T., & Schulze, M. (2020). Global geographies of offshore campuses. Leibniz Institute for Research on Society and Space.
Knight, J. (Ed.). (2014). International education hubs. Student, talent, knowledge-innovation models. Springer.
Koh, W. (2006). Singapore’s transition to innovation-based economic growth: Infrastructure, institutions and government’s role. R&D Management, 36(2), 143–160.
Kosmützky, A. (2018). Tracing the development of international branch campuses: From local founding waves to global diffusion? Globalisation, Societies and Education, 16(4), 453–477.
Lane, J. E., & Kinser, K. (2011). The cross-border education policy context: Educational hubs, trade liberalization, and national sovereignty. New Directions for Higher Education, 155, 79–85.
Lee, J. T. (2015). Soft power and cultural diplomacy: Emerging education hubs in Asia. Comparative Education, 51(3), 353–374.
Meuser, M., & Nagel, U. (2009). The expert interview and changes in knowledge production. In A. Bogner, B. Littig, & W. Menz (Eds.), Interviewing experts (pp. 17–42). Palgrave Macmillan.
MoFAIC = Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation. (2020). Cultural and public diplomacy. https://www.mofaic.gov.ae/en/The-Ministry/The-Foreign-Policy/Cultural-and-Public-Diplomacy
Mohaddes, K., Nugent, J. B., & Selim, H. (Eds.). (2019). Institutions and macroeconomic policies in resource-rich Arab economies. Oxford University Press.
Moisio, S. (2018). Geopolitics of the knowledge-based economy. Routledge.
Ng, P. T., & Tan, C. (2010). The Singapore global schoolhouse: An analysis of the development of the tertiary education landscape in Singapore. International Journal of Educational Management, 24(3), 178–188.
Nye, J. (2005). Soft power and higher education. Forum for the Future of Higher Education. https://library.educause.edu/-/media/files/library/2005/1/ffp0502s-pdf.pdf
OECD IMHE = OECD Higher Education Programme. (2014). The state of higher education 2014. OECD. https://www.oecd.org/education/imhe/StateofHigherEducation2014.pdf
Quah, J. (2018). Why Singapore works: Five secrets of Singapore’s success. Public Administration and Policy, 21(1), 5–21.
Reynaud, J., & Vauday, J. (2009). Geopolitics and international organizations: Am empirical study on IMF facilities. Journal of Development Economics, 89(1), 139–162.
Rosser, A. (2009). Natural resource wealth, development and social policy: Evidence and issues. In K. Hujo & S. McClanahan (Eds.), Financing social policy. Mobilizing resources for social development (pp. 165–182). Palgrave Macmillan.
Sen, A. (1999). Development as freedom. Anchor Books.
Tan, J. (2016). Singapore’s “global schoolhouse” aspirations. International Higher Education, 57, 9–10.
Sum, N.-L., & Jessop, B. (2013). Towards a cultural political economy. Putting culture in its place in political economy. Edward Elgar.
Witzel, A. (2000). The problem-centered interview. Forum Qualitative Sozialforschung/Forum: Qualitative Social Research, 1(1).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2022 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Erfurth, M. (2022). Education Hubs as a Development Approach. A Phenomenon with Geopolitical Implications in Singapore and the United Arab Emirates. In: Parreira do Amaral, M., Thompson, C. (eds) Geopolitical Transformations in Higher Education. Educational Governance Research, vol 17. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-94415-5_12
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-94415-5_12
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-94414-8
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-94415-5
eBook Packages: EducationEducation (R0)