Skip to main content

EVA Effect on Stone Mastic Asphalt (SMA) Behaviour

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Recycled Materials in Geotechnical and Pavement Applications

Part of the book series: Environmental Science and Engineering ((ESE))

  • 128 Accesses

Abstract

Stone Mastic asphalt (SMA) has been of interest in research in pavement engineering. Different climates and load conditions sometimes dictate to use special products such as SMA. Due to traffic load and new developments, sometimes it is vital to develop new mixes with higher capabilities to withstand the loads. This study investigates the effect of Ethylene–Vinyl Acetate (EVA) on SMA fatigue and rutting behaviour. By application of wet techniques, EVA was blended with C320 binder and SMA mixes were prepared. EVA dosage was varied from 2 to 6%. A four-point flexural beam test, wheel rutting test, Schellenberg test, flow number test and dynamic modulus test were conducted on the mixes. The outcomes saw clear improvements in rutting resistance and the cycle to failure, in four point bending test, was improved with increases in the percentage of EVA. The flow number also increased by increasing the EVA concentration. The drainage of bitumen was decreased by increasing the EVA concentration. Finally, the master curve relevant to each EVA concentration was plotted and compared. Phase angle of mixes also decreased by increasing the EVA percentage.

This Chapter is extracted from authors’ published work (Chegenizadeh et al. 2021).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 129.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 129.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • AASHTO (2013) Determining the dynamic modulus and flow number for asphalt mixtures using the asphalt mixture performance tester (AMPT). In: Designation TP 79-13, American Association of State

    Google Scholar 

  • Al-rkaby AHJ, Chegenizadeh A, Nikraz HR (2016) Directional-dependence in the mechanical characteristics of sand: a review. Int J Geotech Eng 10(5):499–509

    Google Scholar 

  • Al-rkaby AHJ, Chegenizadeh A, Nikraz, HR (2017) Cyclic behaviour of reinforced sand under principal stress rotation. J Rock Mech Geotech Eng 9(4):585–598

    Google Scholar 

  • Ahmadinia E, Zargar M, Karim MR, Abdelaziz M, Ahmadinia E (2012) Performance evaluation of utilization of waste Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) in stone mastic asphalt. Constr Build Mater 36:984–989

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ameli A, Babagoli R, Khabooshani M, AliAsgari R, Jalali F (2020) Permanent deformation performance of binders and stone mastic asphalt mixtures modified by Sbs/montmorillonite nanocomposite. Constr Build Mater 239:117700

    Google Scholar 

  • Ameri M, Mohammadi R, Vamegh M, Molayem M (2017) Evaluation the effects of nanoclay on permanent deformation behavior of stone mastic asphalt mixtures. Constr Build Mater 156:107–113

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • AP-T100/08 (2008) Testing asphalt in accordance with the Austroads mix design procedures

    Google Scholar 

  • AS/NZS 2891.2.1:2014 (2014) Methods of sampling and testing asphalt. Method 2.2: Sample preparation—Compaction of asphalt test specimens using a gyratory compactor

    Google Scholar 

  • Asphalt Binder Drain-off (2006) AGPT-T235-06

    Google Scholar 

  • Austroads (2005) Commentary to AG:PT/T220—Sample preparation—Compaction of aspahlt salbs suitable for characterisation. Austroads, Australia/New Zealand, pp 1–11

    Google Scholar 

  • Austroads (2006) Fatigue life of compacted bituminous mixes subject to repeated flexural bending. Austroads Incorporate

    Google Scholar 

  • Austroads (2006) Commentary to AG:PT/T231—Deformation resistance of asphalt mixtures by the wheel tracking test Austroads, Australia, pp 1–11

    Google Scholar 

  • Behbahani H, Nowbakht S, Fazaeli H, Rahmani J (2009) Effects of fiber type and content on the rutting performance of stone matrix asphalt. J Appl Sci 9(10):1980–1984

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bulatović OV, Rek V, Marković KJ (2013) Rheological properties and stability of ethylene vinyl acetate polymer-modified bitumen. Polym Eng Sci 53(11):2276–2283

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chegenizadeh A, Ghadimi B, Nikraz H, ĹžimĹźek M (2014) A novel two-dimensional approach to modelling functionally graded beams resting on a soil medium. Struct Eng Mech 51(5):727–741

    Google Scholar 

  • Chegenizadeh A, Keramatikerman M, Dalla Santa G, Nikraz H (2018) Influence of recycled tyre amendment on the mechanical behaviour of soil-bentonite cut-off walls. J Cleaner Prod 177:507–515

    Google Scholar 

  • Chegenizadeh A, Keramatikerman M, Panizza S, Nikraz H (2017) Effect of powdered recycled tire on sulfate resistance of cemented clay. J Mater Civ Eng 29(10):04017160

    Google Scholar 

  • Chegenizadeh A, Nikraz H (2011a) Composite soil: Fiber inclusion and strength. Adv Mater Res 308–310:1646–1650

    Google Scholar 

  • Chegenizadeh A, Nikraz H (2011b) Investigation on strength of fiber reinforced clay. Adv Mater Res 261–263:957–963

    Google Scholar 

  • Chegenizadeh A, Tokoni L, Nikraz H, Dadras E (2021) Effect of ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) on stone mastic asphalt (SMA) behaviour. Constr Build Mater

    Google Scholar 

  • Gonzalez O, Munoz ME, Partal P (2004) Rheology and stability of bitumen/EVA blends. Eur Polym J 2365–2372

    Google Scholar 

  • Hasan U, Chegenizadeh A, Budihardjo MA, Nikraz H (2016) Shear strength evaluation of bentonite stabilised with recycled materials. J Geo Eng 11(2):59–73

    Google Scholar 

  • https://www.mainroads.wa.gov.au/Documents/Specification%20502%20Stone%20Mastic%20 Asphalt%2022%20May%202017.RCN-D17%5E23395185.PDF. Accessed 06 January 2019

    Google Scholar 

  • https://www.mainroads.wa.gov.au/Documents/Specification%20511%20Materials%20for%20 Bituminous%20Treatments%2019%20August%202019.RCN-D19%5E23680152.PDF. Accessed 06 January 2019

    Google Scholar 

  • https://www.vivaenergy.com.au/tools-resources/tds. Accessed 06 January 2019

  • Imaninasab R (2017) Effect of granular polymers on rutting performance of SMA with respect to modification process. Constr Build Mater 130:64–72

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kareem AI, Nikraz H, Asadi H (2019) Performance of hot-mix asphalt produced with double coated recycled concrete aggregates. Constr Build Mater 205:425–433

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Keramatikerman M, Chegenizadeh A, Nikraz H (2017) An investigation into effect of sawdust treatment on permeability and compressibility of soil-bentonite slurry cut-off wall. J Cleaner Prod 162:1–6

    Google Scholar 

  • Liang B, Shi K, Niu Y, Liu Z, Zheng J (2020) Probing the modification mechanism of and customized processing design for Sbs-modified asphalts mediated by potentiometric titration. Constr Build Mater 234:117385

    Google Scholar 

  • Liu Y, Zhang J, Chen R, Cai J, Xi Z, Xie H (2017) Ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer modified epoxy asphalt binders: phase separation evolution and mechanical properties. Constr Build Mater 137:55–65

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mashaan NS, Chegenizadeh A, Nikraz H, Rezagholilou A (2021) Investigating the engineering properties of asphalt binder modified with waste plastic polymer. Ain Shams Eng J 12(2):1569–1574

    Google Scholar 

  • MieczysĹ‚aw S (2017) Thermorheological properties of styrene-butadiene-styrene (Sbs) copolymer modified road bitumen. Procedia Eng 208:145–150

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mokhtari A, Moghadas NF (2012) Mechanistic approach for fiber and polymer modified SMA mixtures. Constr Build Mater 36:381–390

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Padhan RK, Gupta AA, Sreeram A (2019) Effect of cross-linking agent on ethylene vinyl acetate/polyoctenamer modified bitumen. Road Mater Pavement Des 20(7):1615–1623

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • QENOS PTY LTD, MSDS OF EVA. http://www.qenos.com/internet/datasheets.nsf/0/A90D7BC9A3509D42CA25714600049250/$file/LQ5SJ_ESCORENE%E2%84%A2%20ULTRA%20HEVA%202017%20Aug.pdf. Accessed 05 October 2019

    Google Scholar 

  • Shan L, Qi X, Duan X, Liu S, Chen J (2020) Effect of styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) on the rheological behavior of asphalt binders. Constr Build Mater 231:117076. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.117076

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tayfur S, Ozen H, Aksoy A (2007) Investigation of rutting performance of asphalt mixtures containing polymer modifiers. Constr Build Mater 21(2):328–337

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yan K, Tian S, Chen J, Liu J (2020) High temperature rheological properties of APAO and EVA compound modified asphalt. Constr Build Mater 233:117246

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to A. Chegenizadeh .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2022 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Chegenizadeh, A., Tokoni, L., Nikraz, H., Dadras, E. (2022). EVA Effect on Stone Mastic Asphalt (SMA) Behaviour. In: Chegenizadeh, A., Nikraz, H. (eds) Recycled Materials in Geotechnical and Pavement Applications. Environmental Science and Engineering. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-94234-2_1

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics