Abstract
Commercial accounting is carried out at all stages of delivery of the produced and prepared oil to the final consumer. The most common are dynamic methods, direct (mass) and indirect (volume-mass). As a rule, accounting is carried out by systems for measuring the quantity and quality of oil (SIQO). In the process of accounting, the work of SIQO is influenced by a large number of external factors that cause the appearance of additional errors. When accounting for crude oil, wax deposition on the inner surfaces of meter lines and flow meters becomes significant. The influence of this factor in practice is not taken into account due to the immeasurability of the thickness of the paraffin layer. The article discusses the effect of paraffin on the metrological reliability of an ultrasonic flow meter. It is proposed to automatically estimate the current value of the thickness of the paraffin layer by the model and determine the value of the additional error. This allows, when approaching the limits of metrological reliability, to timely carry out maintenance of the flow meter and extraordinary control of its metrological characteristics and, in general, to increase the accuracy of accounting.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
GOST R 8.595-2004. State system for ensuring the uniformity of measurements. Mass of petroleum and petroleum products. General requirements for procedures of measurements. https://docs.cntd.ru/document/1200038229
Godnev, A., Zorya, E., Nesgovorov, D., Davydov, N.: Custody Transfer of Commodity Flows of Petroleum Products by Automated Systems, pp. 160–170. Max Press, Moscow (2008)
MI 2693-2001. The procedure for conducting commercial accounting of crude oil at oil production enterprises. Basic provisions. http://skbpa.ru/publish/mi_2693_2001.pdf
Mymrin, I.N., Krasnov, A.N., Prakhova, M.Yu.: Improving the crude oil metering accuracy. In: RusAutoCon: International Russian Automation Conference, pp. 318–324 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1109/RusAutoCon49822.2020.9208099
ATabet N.K., Fetisov, V.S.: Information and measuring system with predictive function for determining the thickness of wax deposits in oil pipelines. https://www.elibrary.ru/download/elibrary_35253198_39536416.pdf
Krasnov, A.N., Khoroshavina, E.A., Prakhova, M.Yu.: Preventing paraffination of pumping equipment of oil wells. In: AER-Advances in Engineering Research: Proceedings of the International Conference “Actual Issues of Mechanical Engineering” vol. 133, pp. 370–375 (2017)
Krasnov, A.N., Lyalin, V.E.: Modeling of flow of two-phase mixture in curved channel pipeline. Vibroeng. Procedia 17534(2016)
Theyab, M.A.: Experimental methodology followed to evaluate wax deposition process. J. Pet. Environ. Biotechnol. 9, 357 (2018). https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7463.1000357
Theyab, M.A.: Wax deposition process: mechanisms, affecting factors and mitigation methods. Open Access J. Sci. 2(2), 109–115 (2018). https://doi.org/10.15406/oajs.2018.02.00054
Botne, K.K.: Modelling wax thickness in single-phase turbulent flow. MSc thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Petroleum Engineering and Applied Geophysics (2012)
Theyab, M.A., Diaz, P.: An experimental and simulation study of wax deposition in hydrocarbon pipeline. Glob. J. Eng. Sci. Res. 4(7), 27–40 (2017)
Pham, S.T., Truong, M.H., Pham, B.T.: Flow assurance in subsea pipeline design for transportation of petroleum products. Open J. Civil Eng. 7, 311–323 (2017). https://doi.org/10.4236/ojce.2017.72021
Leontaritis, K.J., Geroulis, E.: Wax deposition correlation-application in multiphase wax deposition models. Asph Wax, Inc: Offshore Technology Conference, Texas, USA (2011)
Solaimany, N.A.R., Dabir, B., Islam, M.R.: Experimental and mathematical modeling of wax deposition and propagation in pipes transporting crude oil. Energy Sour. 27(1–2), 185–207 (2005)
Kasumu, A.S.: An Investigation of solids deposition from two-phase wax–solvent–water mixtures. PhD Thesis, Galgary University (2014)
Noville, I., Naveira, L.: Comparison between real field data and the results of wax deposition simulation. SPE 152575 presented at SPE Latin American and Caribbean Petroleum Engineering Conference, Mexico (2012)
Zheng, S.: Wax deposition from single-phase oil flows and water-oil two-phase flows in oil transportation pipelines. PhD thesis (Chemical Engineering), The University of Michigan (2017)
Bobrovitsky, V.I., Sidorov, V.A.: Mechanical Equipment: Maintenance and Repair, p. 238. Donetsk, Ukraine (2011)
Vlasov, A.I., Grigoryev, P.V., Krivoshein, A.I.: Model of predictive equipment maintenance with application of wireless touch networks. Reliab. Qual. Complex Syst. 2(22) (2018). https://doi.org/10.21685/2307-4205-2018-2-4
Sousa, A.: Numerical simulation of wax deposition in pipelines and wells. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting Master of Petroleum Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico (2016). https://fenix.tecnico.ulisboa.pt/downloadFile/282093452021100/06.AnaSousa_AM16.pdf
StubsjØen, M.: Analytical and Numerical Modeling of paraffin Wax in Pipelines. Master thesis. Norwegian University of Science and Technology (2013)
Rosvold, K.: Wax deposition models. Master thesis. Norwegian University of Science and Technology (2008)
Gershman, E.M., Pruglo, S.D., Fafurin, V.A., Borisov, A.A., Sabirzyanov, A.N.: Two-phase flow metering by ultrasonic flow meters. Trans. Acad. 1, 30–41 (2017)
Vatin, N.I., Kurkin, A.G.: Consideration of the effect of deposits on the pipe wall on the readings of a traditional ultrasonic flow meter. https://elib.spbstu.ru/dl/016.pdf/download/016.pdf
Utkin, A.V., Sosikov, V.A., Zubareva, A.N.: Experimental study of shock-wave processes in solid and liquid paraffins. J. Tech. Phys. 84(12), 65–72 (2014)
Falovsky, V.I., Khoroshev, A.S., Shakhov, V.G.: Modern approach to modeling the phase transformations of hydrocarbon systems using the peng-robinson equation of state. Bull. Samara Sci. Center Russian Acad. Sci. 4, 120–125 (2011)
Peng, D.Y.: A new two–constant equation of state. Ind. Eng. Chem. Fundam 15, 59–64 (1976)
Timofeeva, D.A., Mymrin, I.N.: Modeling the process of wax deposition in the measuring line SIKNS. In: In: Proceedings of the VIII All-Russian Scientific and Technical Conference “Prospects for the Automation Of Technological Processes of Oil And Gas Production, Transportation And Processing”, Ufa, Russian Federation, pp. 52–54 (2019)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2022 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Krasnov, A.N., Prakhova, M.Y., Novikova, Y. (2022). Predicting the Decrease in the Metrological Reliability of Ultrasonic Flow Meters in Conditions of Wax Deposition. In: Radionov, A.A., Gasiyarov, V.R. (eds) Advances in Automation III. RusAutoCon 2021. Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, vol 857. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-94202-1_47
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-94202-1_47
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-94201-4
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-94202-1
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)