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Paleokarst in Hungary

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Cave and Karst Systems of Hungary

Part of the book series: Cave and Karst Systems of the World ((CAKASYWO))

Abstract

Carbonate formations of Mesozoic-Tertiary to Quaternary age of Hungary abound in both early and late paleokarst features often superimposed on each other. Early (diagenetic) paleokarst is—as a rule—associated with shallow-water (either marine or freshwater) limestones and/or dolomites. Examples are known from the Transdanubian Range (Transdanubian Mountains), the Northern Highlands (Bükk, Aggtelek, Uppony) and also from South-Hungary (Villány, Mecsek). More important are, however, those late (“Alpine-type”) paleokarst features which occur at major tectonically controlled subaerial unconformities, and were resulted by the events of the Eoalpine (Cretaceous to Paleogene) and Neoalpine (Miocene to Recent) structural evolution of the Carpatho-Pannonian Region. To separate the effects of the numerous superimposed early and late karst events is often difficult and in addition to thoughtful field-observations requires also sophisticated laboratory methods and the appropriate understanding of the geological evolution of the area concerned. Selected examples of some early (diagenetic) and late “Alpine”-type paleokarsts are presented and the relevant references discussed.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    At a workshop of IGCP-287 (Tethyan Bauxites) when discussing the differences between (i) karstification associated with disconformities and affecting yet unlithified carbonate sediments and (ii) those occurring at major regional unconformities obviously affecting already lithified carbonate rocks, M. Esteban used the terms Caribbean (or Bahamian) and Alpine to distinguish the two. The terms have been used informally in paleokarst discussions ever since then.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to M. Virág for her invaluable help in grooming both the text and the figures.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Geology, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány P. stny. 1/C, Budapest, 1117, Hungary

    Andrea Mindszenty

  2. Department of Geology and Meteorology, University of Pécs, Ifjúság str. 6, Pécs, 7624, Hungary

    Krisztina Sebe

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  1. Andrea Mindszenty
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  1. SEK, Department of Geography, Eötvös Loránd University, Szombathely, Hungary

    Márton Veress

  2. Department of Physical and Applied Geology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary

    Szabolcs Leél-Őssy

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Mindszenty, A., Sebe, K. (2022). Paleokarst in Hungary. In: Veress, M., Leél-Őssy, S. (eds) Cave and Karst Systems of Hungary . Cave and Karst Systems of the World. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-92960-2_5

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