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Geology of the Karst Terrains in Hungary

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Cave and Karst Systems of Hungary

Part of the book series: Cave and Karst Systems of the World ((CAKASYWO))

Abstract

In this chapter we describe the geology of the structural units of Hungary in the Alp-Carpathian orogene system and briefly present the most important stages of their evolution (Sect. 1. Budai T. and Kercsmár Zs.). Geological features of the mountain ranges are summarized according to their tectonic and lithostratigraphic characteristics. The relationship between the stratigraphic units is shown in pre-Cenozoic and Cenozoic lithostratigraphic charts. In the geological characterization of mountains, we deal with rocks suitable for karstification in more detail. In our study we first provide a review on the geology of the Transdanubian Range located NW of the Mid-Hungarian Shear Zone and belonging to the Alcapa Mega-unit (Sect. 2. Kercsmár Zs., Budai T. and Selmeczi I.). We then give an overview of the geological build-up of the Aggtelek–Rudabánya Hills (located next to the Bükk due to nappe tectonics), the Bükk and the Szendrő and Uppony Mountains (located in the shear zone of the Mid-Hungarian Mega-unit) (Sects. 3, 4, 5. Less Gy). The later is followed by the geology of the Mecsek and the Villány Mountains in the southern tectonic unit, i.e. the Tisza Mega-unit (Sect. 6. Konrád Gy).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Geology, Supervisory Authority of Regulatory Affairs, Stefánia u. 14. 1143, Budapest, Hungary

    Zsolt Kercsmár, Ildikó Selmeczi & Tamás Budai

  2. Faculty of Earth Science & Engineering, Institute of Mineralogy and Geology, University of Miskolc, Miskolc-Egyetemváros, Miskolc-Egyetemváros, 3515, Hungary

    György Less

  3. University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary

    Gyula Konrád

  4. Department of Geology and Meteorology, University of Pécs, Ifjúság útja 6, 7624, Pécs, Hungary

    Tamás Budai

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  1. Zsolt Kercsmár
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  1. SEK, Department of Geography, Eötvös Loránd University, Szombathely, Hungary

    Márton Veress

  2. Department of Physical and Applied Geology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary

    Szabolcs Leél-Őssy

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Kercsmár, Z., Selmeczi, I., Budai, T., Less, G., Konrád, G. (2022). Geology of the Karst Terrains in Hungary. In: Veress, M., Leél-Őssy, S. (eds) Cave and Karst Systems of Hungary . Cave and Karst Systems of the World. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-92960-2_4

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