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Metals in Alcoholic Beverages and Public Health Implications

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Handbook of Substance Misuse and Addictions

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Abstract

The consumption of alcoholic beverages is a lifestyle factor with worldwide prevalence that is associated with a number of adverse health outcomes. While most of the effects, including the carcinogenicity of alcoholic beverages, are caused by ethanol and its metabolite acetaldehyde, other compounds were implicated as causing harms beyond ethanol. A common group among these is metals, many of which have toxic including carcinogenic effects. This chapter reviews the occurrence of metals in alcoholic beverages, summarizes their toxic effects, and provides evidence that several of them such as arsenic, cadmium, copper, and lead can be regularly detected in alcoholic beverages. However, the typical occurrence is only at trace levels, which according to quantitative risk assessments would not cause any harms for the consumer, as it is, for example, below acceptable levels set for drinking water. Still, quality control should include these contaminants for precautionary public health protection. In other addictions, such as cannabis and tobacco, levels of metal contamination were similarly described to occur, as it is the case in the larger public health area, e.g., in foods and drinking water.

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Abbreviations

AMPHORA:

Alcohol Measures for Public Health Research Alliance

EFSA:

European Food Safety Authority

IARC:

International Agency for Research on Cancer

MOE:

margin of exposure

NCD:

non-communicable disease

WHO:

World Health Organization

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Food Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan

    Yasir A. Shah

  2. Chemisches und Veterinäruntersuchungsamt Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Germany

    Dirk W. Lachenmeier

Authors
  1. Yasir A. Shah
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  2. Dirk W. Lachenmeier
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London, UK

    Vinood B. Patel

  2. School of Life Course and Population Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London, London, UK

    Victor R. Preedy

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Shah, Y.A., Lachenmeier, D.W. (2022). Metals in Alcoholic Beverages and Public Health Implications. In: Patel, V.B., Preedy, V.R. (eds) Handbook of Substance Misuse and Addictions. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-92392-1_60

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