Abstract
Macroalgae commonly known as seaweeds are well-established natural resources of bioactive compounds responsible for various biological properties. There is a continuous search for new antiviral agents from natural sources, with a better activity and safety on resistant mutant strains and host cells respectively. Recently the focus has shifted towards the vast macroalgae resource and their antiviral potential; as they exhibited stronger activity than remdesivir. Their biochemical moieties are novel and distinct compared to the terrestrial plants. Some of them have shown lesser cytotoxicity. In this chapter, we aim to emphasize on their antiviral components and their mechanism of action. Studies have suggested their effectiveness against various viruses. Multiple antiviral activities from seaweeds towards the recent SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is also being discussed.
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Abbreviations
- ASFV:
-
African swine fever virus
- Banlec:
-
Banana lectin
- BHK-21:
-
Baby hamster kidney (strain-21)
- BVDV:
-
Bovine viral diarrhea virus
- Ca-SP:
-
Calcium spirulan
- CV-N:
-
Cyanovirin
- DENV:
-
Dengue Virus
- DENV-2:
-
Dengue virus-2
- EV 71:
-
Enterovirus 71
- gp120 :
-
Glycoprotein 120
- GRFT:
-
Griffithsin
- H5N1:
-
Avian influenza virus
- HBV:
-
Hepatitis B virus
- HCMV:
-
Human cytomegalovirus
- HCV:
-
Hepatitis C virus
- HIV:
-
Human immunodeficiency virus
- HIV-1 :
-
Human immunodeficiency virus-1
- HIV-2:
-
Human immunodeficiency virus-2
- HPV:
-
Human papilloma virus
- HRV:
-
Human rhinovirus
- HSV:
-
Herpes simplex virus
- HSV-1:
-
Herpes simplex virus-1
- HSV-2:
-
Herpes simplex virus-2
- JEV:
-
Japanese Encephalitis Virus
- MERS:
-
Middle east respiratory syndrome
- NSF:
-
Nostoflan
- RTase:
-
Reverse transcriptase
- SARS:
-
Severe acute respiratory syndrome
- SPMG:
-
Sulfated polymannuroguluronate
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We thank SVKM’S NMIMS for all the support.
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Singh, S., Kumar, M.S. (2022). Antiviral Applications of Macroalgae. In: Ranga Rao, A., Ravishankar, G.A. (eds) Sustainable Global Resources of Seaweeds Volume 2. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-92174-3_25
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