Abstract
One goal in this chapter is to show how Urie Bronfenbrenner’s theory developed over the course of his lifetime, focusing partly not only on the changes that occurred over the three distinct phases of its development (see Rosa & Tudge, 2013) but also on what remained largely the same. Specifically, it is important to recognize that the construct of ecology—the interdependence of individual and context—was central in each phase. This interdependence is relevant to a second goal—showing that Bronfenbrenner’s theory fits within what Pepper (1942) termed the contextualist paradigm. Given that Bronfenbrenner has been largely treated as a mechanist by many who “misuse” his theory (Tudge et al., 2009), it is important to make clear the distinction between the two. A third goal is to show how the theory can be used effectively, as well as consider some of the theory’s limitations and how it has been built upon.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Notes
- 1.
We are drawing primarily on this 1998 chapter, but their 2006 chapter is identical apart from the addition of pages from Bronfenbrenner (2001), and the same points we will make about the third and final phase of the theory could be drawn from almost any of Bronfenbrenner’s writings from 1994 onward (Rosa & Tudge, 2013).
References
Addison, J. T. (1991). Urie Bronfenbrenner. Human Ecology, 20(2), 16–19.
Bengston, V. L., Acock, A. C., Allen, K. R., Dilworth-Anderson, P., & Klein, D. M. (Eds.). (2005). Sourcebook of family theory and research. Sage.
Bronfenbrenner, U. (1961). Toward a theoretical model for the analysis of parent–child relationships in a social context. In J. C. Glidewell (Ed.), Parental attitudes and child behavior (pp. 90–109). Charles C. Thomas.
Bronfenbrenner, U. (1977). Toward an experimental ecology of human development. American Psychologist, 32(7), 513–531.
Bronfenbrenner, U. (1978). On making human beings human. Character, 2(2), 1–7.
Bronfenbrenner, U. (1979a). Beyond the deficit model in child and family policy. Teachers’ College Record, 81(1), 95–104.
Bronfenbrenner, U. (1979b). Contexts of child rearing: Problems and prospects. American Psychologist, 34(10), 844–850.
Bronfenbrenner, U. (1979c). The ecology of human development: Experiments by nature and design. Harvard University Press.
Bronfenbrenner, U. (1984). The changing family in a changing world: America first? Peabody Journal of Education, 61(3), 52–70.
Bronfenbrenner, U. (1989). Ecological systems theory. In R. Vasta (Ed.), Annals of child development (Vol. 6, pp. 187–249). JAI Press.
Bronfenbrenner, U. (1991). What do families do? Family Affairs, 4(1–2), 1–6.
Bronfenbrenner, U. (1995). The bioecological model from a life course perspective: Reflections of a participant observer. In P. Moen, G. H. Elder Jr., & K. Lüscher (Eds.), Examining lives in context: Perspectives on the ecology of human development (pp. 599–618). American Psychological Association.
Bronfenbrenner, U. (2001). The bioecological theory of human development. In N. J. Smelser & P. B. Baltes (Eds.), International encyclopedia of the social and behavioral sciences (Vol. 10, pp. 6963–6970). Elsevier.
Bronfenbrenner, U., & Evans, G. W. (2000). Developmental science in the 21st century: Emerging questions, theoretical models, research designs and empirical findings. Social Development, 9(1), 115–125.
Bronfenbrenner, U., McClelland, P., Wethington, E., Moen, P., & Ceci, S. (1996). The state of Americans: This generation and the next. The Free Press.
Bronfenbrenner, U., & Morris, P. A. (1998). The ecology of developmental processes. In W. Damon (Series Ed.) & R. M. Lerner (Vol. Ed.), Handbook of child psychology: Vol. 1. Theoretical models of human development (5th ed., pp. 993–1028). John Wiley.
Bronfenbrenner, U., & Morris, P. A. (2006). The bioecological model of human development. In W. Damon & R. M. Lerner (Series Eds.) & R. M. Lerner (Vol. Ed.), Handbook of child psychology: Vol. 1. Theoretical models of human development (6th ed., pp. 793–828). Wiley.
Bronfenbrenner, U., & Neville, P. R. (1994). America’s children and families: An international perspective. In S. L. Kagan & B. Weissbourd (Eds.), Putting families first (pp. 3–27). Jossey-Bass Publishers.
Bronfenbrenner, U., & Weiss, H. B. (1983). In E. F. Zigler, S. L. Kagan, & E. Klugman (Eds.), Children, families, and government: Perspectives on American social policy (pp. 393–414). Cambridge University Press.
Bubolz, M. M., & Sontag, M. S. (1993). Human ecology theory. In P. G. Boss, W. J. Doherty, L. LaRossa, W. R. Schumm, & S. K. Steinmetz (Eds.), Sourcebook of family theories and methods: A contextual approach (pp. 419–448). Plenum.
Drillien, C. M. (1964). Growth and development of the prematurely born infant. Livingston.
Freitas, L. B. L., Palhares, F., Cao, H., Liang, Y., Zhou, N., Mokrova, I. L., Lee, S., Payir, A., Kiang, L., Mendonça, S. E., Merçon-Vargas, E. A., O’Brien, L., & Tudge, J. R. H. (in press). How WEIRD is the expression of gratitude in the United States? Crosscultural comparisons. Developmental Psychology.
Jaeger, E. L. (2016). Negotiating complexity: A bioecological systems perspective on literacy development. Human Development, 59(4), 163–187.
Lerner, R. M. (1982). Children and adolescents as producers of their own development. Developmental Review, 2, 342–370.
Mendonça, S. E., Merçon-Vargas, E. A., Payir, A., & Tudge, J. R. H. (2018). The development of gratitude in seven societies: Cross-cultural highlights. Cross-Cultural Research, 52, 135–150.
Merçon-Vargas, E. A., Lima, R., Rosa, E., & Tudge, J. R. H. (2020). Processing proximal processes: What Bronfenbrenner meant, what he didn’t mean, and what he should have meant. Journal of Family Theory and Review.
Merçon-Vargas, E. A., & Tudge, J. R. H. (2020). Children’s and adolescents’ gratitude expression and its association with their greatest wishes across ethnic groups in the United States. Current Psychology.
Mistry, J., Contreras, M., & Dutta, R. (2012). Culture and child development. In I. B. Weiner (Series Ed.) & R. M. Lerner, M. A. Easterbrooks, & J. Mistry (Vol. Eds.), Comprehensive handbook of psychology, Vol. 6: Developmental psychology (pp. 265–285). Wiley.
Mistry, J., & Dutta, R. (2015). Human development and culture: Conceptual and methodological issues. In W. F. Overton & P. C. Molenaar (Eds.), Handbook of child psychology and developmental science: Theory and method (Vol. 1, 7th ed., pp. 369–406). Wiley.
Navarro, J. L., Stephens, C., Rodrigues, B. C., Walker, I. A., Cook, O., O’Toole, L., Hayes, N., & Tudge, J. R. H. (2022). Bored of the rings: Methodological and analytic approaches to operationalizing Bronfenbrenner’s PPCT model in research practice [Manuscript submitted for publication]. Department of Human Development and Family Studies, University of North Carolina at Greensboro.
Newman, B. M., & Newman, P. R. (2016). Theories of human development. Taylor & Francis.
Overton, W. F. (2007). A coherent metatheory for developmental systems: Relational organicism-contextualism. Human Development, 50, 154–159.
Overton, W. F. (2013). Relationism and relational developmental systems: A paradigm for developmental science in the post-Cartesian era. Advances in Child Development and Behavior, 44, 21–64.
Overton, W. F. (2015). Process and relational developmental systems. In W. F. Overton & P. C. Molenaar (Eds.), Handbook of child psychology and developmental science: Theory and method (Vol. 1, 7th ed., pp. 9–62). Wiley.
Overton, W. F., & Ennis, M. D. (2006). Cognitive-developmental and behavior-analytic theories: Evolving into complementarity. Human Development, 49, 143–172.
Overton, W. F., & Lerner, R. M. (2012). Relational developmental systems: A paradigm for developmental science in the postgenomic era. Behavior and Brain Science, 35(5), 375–376.
Parke, R. D. (1978). Parent-infant interaction: Progress, paradigms, and problems. In G. P. Sackett (Ed.), Observing behavior (Vol. 1, pp. 69–94). University Park Press.
Payir, A., Liang, Y., Mendonça, S., Mokrova, I., Palhares, F., & Zeytinoglu, S. (2018). Cross-cultural variations in the development of gratitude. In J. R. H. Tudge & L. B. L. Freitas (Eds.), Developing gratitude in children and adolescents (pp. 111–134). Cambridge University Press.
Pepper, S. C. (1942). World hypotheses: A study in evidence. University of California Press.
Rosa, E. M., & Tudge, J. R. H. (2013). Urie Bronfenbrenner’s theory of human development: Its evolution from ecology to bioecology. Journal of Family Theory and Review, 5(6), 243–258.
Rosa, E. M., & Tudge, J. R. H. (2017). Teoria bioecológia do desenvolvimento humano: Considerações metodológicas [Bioecological theory of human development: Methodological issues]. In A. C. G. Dias & E. M Rosa (Eds.), Metodologias de Pesquisa e Intervenção para Crianças, Adolescentes e Jovens [Research and intervention methods with children, adolescents, and youth] (pp. 17–43). UFES Editora.
Smith, S. R., & Hamon, R. R. (2017). Exploring family theories. Oxford University Press. We have also added three new papers, one of which was published last year, one is “in press,” and one of which is currently still under review.
Spencer, M. B. (1995). Old issues and new theorizing about African American youth: A phenomenological variant of ecological systems theory. In R. L. Taylor (Ed.), Black youth: Perspective on their status in the United States (pp. 37–70). Praeger.
Spencer, M. B. (2006). Phenomenology and ecological systems theory: Development of diverse groups. In W. Damon & R. M. Lerner (Series Eds.) & R. M. Lerner (Vol. Ed.), Handbook of child psychology: Vol. 1. Theoretical models of human development (6th ed., pp. 829–893) Wiley.
Spencer, M. B., Dupree, D., & Hartmann, T. (1997). A phenomenological variant of ecological systems theory (PVEST): A self-organization perspective in context. Development and Psychopathology, 9, 817–833.
Swanson, D. P., Spencer, M. B., Harpalani, V., Dupree, D., Noll, E., Ginzburg, S., & Seaton, G. (2003). Psychosocial development in racially and ethnically diverse youth: Conceptual and methodological challenges in the 21st century. Development and Psychopathology, 15, 743–771.
Tudge, J. R. H. (2008). The everyday lives of young children: Culture, class, and child rearing in diverse societies. Cambridge University Press.
Tudge, J. R. H. (2017). Urie Bronfenbrenner. In H. Montgomery (Ed.), Oxford bibliographies on line: Childhood studies. Oxford University Press.
Tudge, J. R. H., Doucet, F., Odero, D. A., Sperb, T. M., Piccinini, C. A., & Lopes, R. (2006). A window into different cultural worlds: Young children’s everyday activities in the United States, Kenya, and Brazil. Child Development, 77, 1446–1469.
Tudge, J. R. H., Freitas, L. B. L., & O’Brien, L. T. (2015). The virtue of gratitude: A developmental and cultural approach. Human Development, 58, 281–300.
Tudge, J. R. H., Mokrova, I., Hatfield, B. E., & Karnik, R. (2009). The uses and misuses of Bronfenbrenner’s bioecological theory of human development. Journal of Family Theory and Review, 1(4), 198–210.
Tudge, J. R. H., Navarro, J. L., Payir, A., Merçon-Vargas, E. A., Cao, H., Zhou, N., Liang, Y., & Mendonça, S. E. (2021). Using cultural-ecological theory to construct a mid-range theory for the development of gratitude as a virtue. Journal of Family Theory and Review. Online first.
Tudge, J. R. H., Payir, A., Merçon-Vargas, E. A., Cao, H., Liang, Y., Li, J., & O’Brien, L. T. (2016). Still misused after all these years? A re-evaluation of the uses of Bronfenbrenner’s bioecological theory of human development. Journal of Family Theory and Review, 8, 427–445.
Tudge, J. R. H., Putnam, S. A., & Valsiner, J. (1997). Culture and cognition in developmental perspective. In B. Cairns, G. H. Elder Jr., & E. J. Costello (Eds.), Developmental science (pp. 190–222). Cambridge University Press.
Velez, G., & Spencer, M. B. (2018). Phenomenology and intersectionality: Using PVEST as a frame for adolescent identity formation amid intersecting ecological systems of inequality. In C. E. Santos & R. B. Toomey (Eds.), Envisioning the integration of an intersectional lens in developmental science. New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development, 161, 75–90.
Vélez-Agosto, N. M., Soto-Crespo, J. G., Vizcarrondo-Oppenheimer, M., Vega-Molina, S., & García Coll, C. (2017). Bronfenbrenner’s bioecological theory revision: Moving culture from the macro to the micro. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 12(5), 900–910.
White, J. M., Klein, T. F., & Adamsons, K. (2019). Family theories: An introduction (5th ed.). Sage Publishers.
Xia, M., Li, X., & Tudge, J. R. H. (2020). Operationalizing Urie Bronfenbrenner’s process-person-context-time model. Human Development, 64(1), 10–20.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2022 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Tudge, J.R.H., Merçon-Vargas, E.A., Payir, A. (2022). Urie Bronfenbrenner’s Bioecological Theory: Its Development, Core Concepts, and Critical Issues. In: Adamsons, K., Few-Demo, A.L., Proulx, C., Roy, K. (eds) Sourcebook of Family Theories and Methodologies. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-92002-9_16
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-92002-9_16
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-92001-2
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-92002-9
eBook Packages: Behavioral Science and PsychologyBehavioral Science and Psychology (R0)