Abstract
Clays are polymineral natural materials with complex chemical composition, structure, properties, capability of ionic (cation) exchange and physical and chemical sorption. Clay minerals are used in various industrial fields and agriculture. To form desired properties clays are activated by different methods one of which is treatment by heat. The aim of the research is to study the influence of thermal and chemical treatment on clay adsorption properties. Experimental and theoretical studies have shown that clays change their adsorption properties due to the degree of heat treatment. When clays are treated by temperatures up to 200 ºC energy centers on the surfaces of structure elements become active due to the removal of the bound water layer from clay particles surfaces, which results in the increase in methylene blue clay adsorption with the concentration of 3 mg/dm3. When clays are treated by temperatures 200 ℃–600 ℃ structural changes take place which contributes to reducing adsorption of clays by 6–8 times, while at 800ºC clays are sintered and the process of spheroidizing of particles takes occur causing them to lose their adsorption properties. When clays are activated thermally (within temperature range 0–400 ℃) and chemically (by cationic salts), their adsorption capacity increases. It is due to the decrease in diffusion layer thickness and the increase in cation exchange capacity in the following sequence КCl → CaCl2 → FeCl3. The increase in bentonite clays adsorption capacity compared to kaolin clays is due to a larger area (by 3 times) of particles specific surface and so bigger cation change capacity.
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The work was carried out within the framework of the implementation of the best projects of fundamental scientific research carried out by young scientists studying in graduate school («Postgraduate students»). The reported study was funded by RFBR, project number 20-35-90027.
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Anyukhina, A.V., Seredin, V.V. (2022). Concerning Adsorption of Clays Subjected by Heat and Chemical Activation. In: Rocha, A., Isaeva, E. (eds) Science and Global Challenges of the 21st Century - Science and Technology. Perm Forum 2021. Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, vol 342. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-89477-1_21
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