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Positional Behavior and Locomotor Performance of American Marsupials: Links with Habitat and Substrate Use

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American and Australasian Marsupials

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Abstract

Locomotion of organisms requires several behavioral decisions to overcome challenges presented by terrestrial and arboreal habitats, such as what supports to use, how to overcome obstacles in the ground and discontinuities in the canopy, and the best tactic to escape from a predator. Morphological specializations are also involved, such as longer hindlimbs than the forelimbs in cursorial animals, grasping abilities, and prehensile tails, whose interaction with the positional behavior will affect the performance in ecologically relevant tasks, such as habitat use. In this chapter, the current knowledge on locomotion of New World marsupials is reviewed, linking the findings of positional behavior and performance with habitat and substrate use. First, challenges that terrestrial and arboreal habitats pose to moving organisms are identified, then the knowledge on positional behavior of New World marsupials is reviewed, and finally a set of performance measurements relevant to habitat use is described and applied to estimate species fundamental niche. Through this chapter, possible directions for future studies on locomotion of New World marsupials are also presented, aiming to generate a body of knowledge integrating performance, locomotion, and ecology of the group.

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  1. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil

    Ana C. Delciellos

  2. Departamento de Ecologia, Laboratório de Vertebrados, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil

    Marcus V. Vieira

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  1. Ana C. Delciellos
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  2. Marcus V. Vieira
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  1. Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil

    Nilton C. Cáceres

  2. School of Life and Environmental Science, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia

    Christopher R. Dickman

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  1. Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil

    Nilton Cáceres Ph.D.

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Delciellos, A.C., Vieira, M.V. (2022). Positional Behavior and Locomotor Performance of American Marsupials: Links with Habitat and Substrate Use. In: Cáceres, N.C., Dickman, C.R. (eds) American and Australasian Marsupials. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-88800-8_21-1

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