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ProGS: Property Graph Shapes Language

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The Semantic Web – ISWC 2021 (ISWC 2021)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNISA,volume 12922))

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Abstract

Knowledge graphs such as Wikidata are created by a diversity of contributors and a range of sources leaving them prone to two types of errors. The first type of error, falsity of facts, is addressed by property graphs through the representation of provenance and validity, making triples occur as first-order objects in subject position of metadata triples. The second type of error, violation of domain constraints, has not been addressed with regard to property graphs so far. In RDF representations, this error can be addressed by shape languages such as SHACL or ShEx, which allow for checking whether graphs are valid with respect to a set of domain constraints. Borrowing ideas from the syntax and semantics definitions of SHACL, we design a shape language for property graphs, ProGS, which allows for formulating shape constraints on property graphs including their specific constructs, such as edges with identities and key-value annotations to both nodes and edges. We define a formal semantics of ProGS, investigate the resulting complexity of validating property graphs against sets of ProGS shapes, compare with corresponding results for SHACL, and implement a prototypical validator that utilizes answer set programming.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    https://arxiv.org/abs/2107.05566.

  2. 2.

    https://potassco.org/clingo/.

  3. 3.

    https://neo4j.com/.

  4. 4.

    https://github.com/softlang/progs.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. The Software Languages Team, University of Koblenz-Landau, Koblenz, Germany

    Philipp Seifer & Ralf Lämmel

  2. Institute for Parallel and Distributed Systems, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany

    Steffen Staab

  3. Web and Internet Science Research Group, University of Southampton, Southampton, England

    Steffen Staab

Authors
  1. Philipp Seifer
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  2. Ralf Lämmel
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  3. Steffen Staab
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Philipp Seifer .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany

    Andreas Hotho

  2. Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden

    Eva Blomqvist

  3. University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany

    Stefan Dietze

  4. IBM Research - Thomas J. Watson Research, Hawthorne, CA, USA

    Achille Fokoue

  5. University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA

    Ying Ding

  6. Imperial College, London, UK

    Payam Barnaghi

  7. Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia

    Armin Haller

  8. Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Povo, Trento, Italy

    Mauro Dragoni

  9. The Open University Walton Hall, Milton Keynes, UK

    Harith Alani

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Seifer, P., Lämmel, R., Staab, S. (2021). ProGS: Property Graph Shapes Language. In: Hotho, A., et al. The Semantic Web – ISWC 2021. ISWC 2021. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 12922. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-88361-4_23

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-88361-4_23

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-88360-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-88361-4

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

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