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Natural Variability Versus Anthropogenic Impacts on Deep-Sea Ecosystems of Importance for Deep-Sea Mining

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Perspectives on Deep-Sea Mining

Abstract

Deep-sea ecosystems (DSE) undergo changes which result from natural variability and from human activities, with frequent feedbacks between these two dimensions. Given the seriousness and costs of future deep-sea mining (DSM), a substantial human intervention into the natural environment of the deep-sea, this intervention should be successful (providing the benefits intended), sustainable (providing the benefits in a long term) and responsible (causing the least possible disruption of the deep-sea environment and its communities). The success, sustainability and responsibility of DSM require knowledge of conditions under which the intervention will be carried out as well as the ability to predict the severity of mining effects. The present knowledge on the status and natural variability of ecosystems to be impacted by future mining operations, particularly polymetallic nodule fields on abyssal plains and polymetallic sulphides in hydrothermal vent fields on mid-ocean ridges, is severely limited, as is knowledge on possible consequences of the impacts caused by DSM and rates of recovery from it. We present a brief overview of time-series studies carried out to date in the parts of DSE targeted for future mining operations and discuss the two major dimensions of DSE changes, natural and anthropogenic. We conclude by reiterating the need for intensified, high-resolution observation system(s) of DSE and the necessity of having appropriately resolved time-series of data.

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Acknowledgments

TR acknowledges support provided by the Polish National Science Centre grant No. 2014/13/B/ST10/02996 and by the JPIOceansPilot Action “Ecological Effects of Deep-Sea Mining.” We appreciate the assistance of Dr. Lenaïck Menot of IFREMER (France) who directed us to IFREMER’s OCEANOTHEQUE. A big thank you to Marcel Czernik for the permission to use his artwork. We extend our warm thanks to Dr. Rahul Sharma for his encouragement and patience.

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  1. Institute of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland

    Teresa Radziejewska

  2. Interoceanmetal Joint Organization (IOM), Szczecin, Poland

    Kamila Mianowicz & Tomasz Abramowski

  3. Maritime University, Szczecin, Poland

    Tomasz Abramowski

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  1. Teresa Radziejewska
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Correspondence to Teresa Radziejewska .

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  1. Former Chief Scientist and Consultant, National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa, India

    Rahul Sharma

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Radziejewska, T., Mianowicz, K., Abramowski, T. (2022). Natural Variability Versus Anthropogenic Impacts on Deep-Sea Ecosystems of Importance for Deep-Sea Mining. In: Sharma, R. (eds) Perspectives on Deep-Sea Mining. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-87982-2_11

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