Abstract
Augmented reality (AR) brings us into a new phase in the information society, whereby the virtual domain spills over into the physical domain. Precisely because of the direct link between AR and the physical world, the technology raises new ethical and societal issues. In this paper, we highlight the main developments in AR that put pressure on seven public values from our analysis of the scientific literature: privacy, safety, autonomy, balance of power, human dignity, justice, and rights over augmented space. Furthermore, in order to safeguard these public values, we formulate ten rules to shape AR in a socially and ethically responsible way. These rules should form the point of departure for the drafting of governmental policy for a livable hybrid world.
This article is based on research done at the Rathenau Instituut [19] and Eindhoven University of Technology.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Acquisti, A., Gross, R., Stutzman, F.D.: Face recognition and privacy in the age of augmented reality. J. Privacy Confidentiality 6(2), 1–20 (2014)
Brinkman, B.: Ethics and pervasive augmented reality: some challenges and approaches. In: Pimple, K.D. (ed.) Emerging Pervasive Information and Communication Technologies (PICT). Law, Governance and Technology Series, vol. 11, pp. 149–175. Springer, Dordrecht (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6833-8_8
Halting Problem: Tech bro creates augmented reality app to filter out homeless people. Website Medium, 23 February 2016. https://medium.com/halting-problem/tech-bro-creates-augmented-reality-app-to-filter-out-homeless-people-3bf8d827b0df. Accessed 21 May 2021
Henriksson, E.A.: Data protection challenges for virtual reality applications. Interact. Entertain. Law Rev. 1(1), 57–61 (2018)
Hunt, E.: Faking it: how selfie dysmorphia is driving people to seek surgery. The Guardian, 23 January 2019. https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2019/jan/23/faking-it-how-selfie-dysmorphia-is-driving-people-to-seek-surgery. Accessed 21 May 2021
Katell, M., Deschesne, F., Koops, B.-J., Meessen, P.: Seeing the whole picture: visualising socio-spatial power through augmented reality. Law Innov. Technol. 11(2), 279–310 (2019)
Kotsios, A.: Privacy in an augmented reality. Int. J. Law Inf. Technol. 23(2), 157–185 (2015)
Madary, M., Metzinger, T.K.: Real virtuality: a code of ethical conduct. Recommendations for good scientific practice and the consumers of VR-technology. Front. Robotics AI 3(3) (2016). https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frobt.2016.00003/full
McClure, W.T.: When the virtual and real worlds collide: Beginning to address the clash between real property rights and augmented reality location-based technologies through a federal do-not-locate registry. Iowa Law Rev. 103(1), 331–366 (2017)
Miller, M.R., Jun, H., Herrera, F., et al.: Social interaction in augmented reality. PloS ONE 14(5), https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0216290 (2019)
Neely, E.L.: Augmented reality, augmented ethics: who has the right to augment a particular physical space? Ethics Inf. Technol. 21(1), 11–18 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10676-018-9484-2
Pase, S.: Ethical considerations in augmented reality applications. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on e-Learning, e-Business, Enterprise Information Systems, and e-Government. IEEE (2012). http://worldcomp-proceedings.com/proc/p2012/EEE6059.pdf. Accessed 21 May 2021
Pokémon GO Death Tracker (2019). http://pokemongodeathtracker.com/. Accessed 21 May 2021
Rajanala, S., Buainain, M., Vashi, N.: Selfies – Living in the era of filtered photographs. JAMA Facial Plast. Surg. 20(6), 443–444 (2018)
Robbins, A., Hout, M.C.: Look into my eyes. Sci. Am. Mind26(1), 54-61 (2015)
Royakkers, L.M.M., Timmer, J., Kool, L. Van Est, R.: Societal and ethical issues of digitization. Ethics Inf. Technol. 20(2), 127–142 (2018)
Seifert, A., Schlomann, A.: The use of virtual and augmented reality by older adults: potentials and challenges. Front. Virt. Reality 2, 639718 (2021). https://doi.org/10.3389/frvir.2021.639718
Slater, M, Gonzalez-Liencres, C, Haggard, P, et al.: The ethics of realism in virtual and augmented reality. Front. Virt. Reality 1(1) (2020). https://doi.org/10.3389/frvir.2020.00001
Snijders, D., Masson, E., Doesborgh, S., Groothuizen, R., Van Est, R.: Fake for Real. Ethical and societal implications of augmented reality. Rathenau Instituut, The Hague (2021)
Susskind, J.: Future Politics: Living together in a world transformed by tech. Oxford University Press, Oxford (2018)
Wolf, M., Grodzinsky, J.F., Miller, K.: Augmented reality all around us: power and perception at a crossroads. SIGCAS Comput. Soc. 45(3), 126–131 (2015)
Zuboff, S.: The Age of Surveillance Capitalism: The fight for the future at the new frontier of power. Profile Books, London (2019)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2022 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Royakkers, L., Snijders, D., van Est, R. (2022). The Ten Commandments for Responsible Augmented Reality. In: de Paz Santana, J.F., de la Iglesia, D.H., López Rivero, A.J. (eds) New Trends in Disruptive Technologies, Tech Ethics and Artificial Intelligence. DiTTEt 2021. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol 1410. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-87687-6_13
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-87687-6_13
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-87686-9
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-87687-6
eBook Packages: Intelligent Technologies and RoboticsIntelligent Technologies and Robotics (R0)