Abstract
In recent years there has been an increasing interest in applying adhesive bonding to structural components of the vehicles manufactured by the automotive industry. When adhesive joints are used in automotive applications, additional factors such as the strength under impact loads play a decisive role. Under impact conditions, the bonded joints must provide sufficient strength to transmit the transient load without fracturing, ensuring the safety of the vehicle occupants. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the impact strength of single lap joints with carbon fibre reinforced plastic adherends, bonded using an epoxy adhesive. The joints were tested in a drop weight impact machine, in order to simulate impact conditions typical of the automotive industry. Quasi static-tests were also performed, allowing to compare the static and impact performance of the bonded joints. Numerical models, using cohesive zone elements were developed in ABAQUS® and the numerical results were validated with experimental results. Overall, the results of this study show that different overlap lengths considerably affect the impact response of the composite Single Lap Joints (SLJs). The results obtained with the use of analytical and numerical approaches were found to be in good agreement with the experimental data.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Adams, R.: Structural Adhesive Joints in Engineering. Springer, Netherlands, London (1984)
Adams, R.D., Comyn, J., Wake, W.C.: Structural Adhesives Joints in Engineering, 2nd edn. Chapamn & Hall, London (1997)
Avendaño, R., Carbas, R.J.C., Marques, E.A.S., da Silva, L.F.M., Fernandes, A.A.: Effect of temperature and strain rate on single lap joints with dissimilar lightweight adherends bonded with an acrylic adhesive. Compos. Struct. 152, 34–44 (2016a). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2016.05.034
Avendaño, R., Carbas, R.J.C., Chaves, F.J.P., da Silva, L.F.M., Fernandes, A.A.: Impact loading of single lap joints of dissimilar lightweight adherends bonded with a crash-resistant epoxy adhesive. J. Eng. Mater. Technol. 138(4), 041019 (2016b).https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4034204
Campilho, R.D.S.G., de Moura, M.F.S.F., Domingues, J.J.M.S.: Modelling single and double-lap repairs on composite materials. Compos. Sci. Technol. 65(13), 1948–1958 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2005.04.007
Costa, M., Viana, G., Canto, C., da Silva, L.F.M., Banea, M., Chaves, F., Campilho, R., Fernandes, A.A.: Effect of the size reduction on the bulk tensile and double cantilever beam specimens used in cohesive zone models. Proc. IMechE Part L: J. Mater. Des. Appl. 230(5), 968–982 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1177/1464420715610248
da Silva, L.F.M., Öchsner, A.: Modeling of Adhesively Bonded Joints. Springer, Berlin (2008)
da Silva, L.F.M., Dillard, D., Blackman, B., Adams, R.: Testing Adhesive Joints Best Practices. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim (2012)
da Silva, L.F.M., Öchsner, A., Adams, R.: Handbook of Adhesion Technology, 2nd edn. Springer International (2018)
dos Reis, M.Q., Carbas, R.J.C., Marques, E.A.S., da Silva, L.F.M.: Functionally graded adhesive joints under impact loads Proc. IMEchE Part D J. Automobile Eng. (2021).https://doi.org/10.1177/09544070211004505
Harris, J.A., Adams, R.D.: An assessment of the impact performance of bonded joints for use in high energy absorbing structures. Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part C J. Mech. Eng. Sci. 199(2), 121–131 (1985). https://doi.org/10.1243/PIME_PROC_1985_199_102_02
Hiley, M.J., Dong, L., Harding, J.: Effect of strain rate on the fracture process in interlaminar shear specimens of carbon fibre-reinforced laminates. Compos. Part A Appl. Sci. Manuf. 28(2), 171–180 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1016/S1359-835X(96)00112-1
Hosur, M.V., Waliul Islam, S.M., Vaidya, U.K., Kumar, A., Dutta, P.K., Jeelani, S.: Dynamic punch shear characterization of plain weave graphite/epoxy composites at room and elevated temperatures. Compos. Struct. 70(3), 295–307 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2004.08.041
Lifshitz, J.M., Leber, H.: Response of fiber-reinforced polymers to high strain-rate loading in interlaminar tension and combined tension/shear. Compos. Sci. Technol. 58(6), 987–996 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0266-3538(97)00226-1
Loureiro, A.L., da Silva, L.F.M., Sato, C., Figueiredo, M.A.V.: Comparison of the mechanical behaviour between stiff and flexible adhesive joints for the automotive industry. J. Adhes. 86(7), 765–787 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1080/00218464.2010.482440
Machado, J.J.M., Hayashi, A., Nunes, P.D.P., Marques, E.A.S., Carbas, R.J.C., Sato, C., da Silva, L.F.M.: Strain rate dependence of a crash resistant adhesive as a function of temperature for the automotive industry. Proc. IMechE Part L: J. Mater. Des. Appl. 233(11):2189–2203 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1177/1464420719836914
Reis, J.M.L., Machado, J.J.M., Marques, E.A.S., Carbas, R.J.C., da Silva, L.F.M.: Displacement rate effect in the fracture toughness of glass fiber reinforced polyurethane. J. Compos. Mater. 54(22), 3047–3054 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1177/0021998320908300
Saldanha, D.F.S., Canto, C., da Silva, L.F.M., Carbas, R.J.C., Chaves, F.J.P., Nomura, K., Ueda, T.: Mechanical characterization of a high elongation and high toughness epoxy adhesive. Int. J. Adhes. Adhes. 47, 91–98 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2013.08.001
Viana, G., Machado, J., Carbas, R.J.C., Costa, M., da Silva, L.F.M., Vaz, M., Banea, M.D.: Strain rate dependence of adhesive joints for the automotive industry at low and high temperatures. J. Adhes. Sci. Technol. 32(19), 2162–2179 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1080/01694243.2018.1464635
Zgoul, M., Crocombe, A.D.: Numerical modelling of lap joints bonded with a rate dependent adhesive. Int. J. Adhes. Adhes. 24(4), 355–366 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2003.11.006
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2021 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Varajão, J.F.D., Carbas, R.J.C., Marques, E.A.S., da Silva, L.F.M. (2021). The Behaviour of CFRP Adhesive Joints Under Different Loading Rates. In: da Silva, L.F.M., Adams, R.D. (eds) 6th International Conference on Adhesive Bonding 2021. Proceedings in Engineering Mechanics. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-87668-5_9
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-87668-5_9
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-87667-8
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-87668-5
eBook Packages: Physics and AstronomyPhysics and Astronomy (R0)